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Association between an ITHBC theory-based nursing pathway and discharge readiness among mothers of preterm infants: a non-randomized controlled study with a historical control group

Year: 2026

Type: article

Abstract: Objective To evaluate the effects of an Integrated Theory of Health Behavior Change (ITHBC)-based nursing pathway on discharge readiness in mothers of preterm infants. Methods In this non-randomized controlled study with a historical (temporal) control group, 115 mothers were divided into an observation group (ITHBC-based care, n = 57) and a control group (routine care, n = 58). Discharge readiness, discharge instruction quality, care ability, self-efficacy, resilience, anxiety, and depression were assessed at discharge; infant growth, complications, readmission, and maternal satisfaction were followed up at 6 months. Multivariable linear regression was used to adjust for baseline covariates for key outcomes. Results The observation group showed significantly higher discharge readiness, discharge instruction quality, care ability, self-efficacy, and resilience, with lower anxiety and depression (all P < 0.05). At 6 months, their infants had better growth metrics, fewer complications (thrush, diaper rash), and lower readmission rates, alongside higher maternal satisfaction ( P < 0.05). These differences remained significant after covariate adjustment. Conclusions The ITHBC-based nursing pathway was associated with better maternal psychological status and care competence, more favorable infant health outcomes, lower readmission rates, and higher satisfaction, providing a practical framework for transitional care in preterm infants.

Source: Frontiers in Medicine

DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2026.1938054