Work

Prevalence and Predictors of Suicide Ideation, Depression, and Symptoms of Post-Traumatic Stress in Iraqi Adolescents: A Secondary School-Based Cross-Sectional Study

Year: 2026

Type: article

Abstract: Adolescent mental health difficulties represent a significant public health concern. This study aimed to identify prevalence rates and predictors of suicide ideation, depressive symptoms, and symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among Iraqi adolescents. A cross-sectional quantitative survey design was used. 469 adolescents aged 12-20 years (M=16.25) participated across eight high schools in Iraq. Multiple regression models were used to examined predictors. Mean depressive (M=14.01) and PTSD (M=30.98) symptom scores were in the ‘moderate’ range, with the majority of participants scoring in the ‘moderate’ or ‘severe’ range (80% and 75.5%, depressive and PTSD symptoms respectively). 12.4% of young people scored in the ‘high risk’ range for suicidal behaviour. Males reported higher depressive symptoms, while females reported higher PTSD symptoms. Older age was negatively associated with suicide ideation but positively associated with PTSD symptoms. Quality of life emerged as the strongest and most consistent predictor across all models. Hopelessness predicted suicide ideation, while PTSD symptoms predicted depression. Adolescents were experiencing clinically elevated rates of depressive and PTSD symptoms on average. A significant minority were also experiencing suicidal thoughts. Interventions that enhance functioning, reduce hopelessness, and incorporate trauma-informed approaches may be effective targets for prevention and early intervention in Iraq.

Source: Adolescents

DOI: 10.3390/adolescents6050087