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Similarity of Fluctuations in Correlated Systems: The Case of the Magnetic Field Measured at 1 au by IMAP during Steady Solar Wind

Year: 2026
Type: article
Abstract: S. T. Bramwell et al. (1998) showed that the fluctuations of turbulence have the same statistical description as those of the order parameter in equilibrium-critical phenomena like the magnetization of ferromagnets. Later, it was shown that various other critical systems exhibit similar fluctuation statistics of the variance κ 1 of natural time establishing a universal way of defining an order parameter. These systems include avalanches in 3D rice piles, the magnetic flux penetration in type II superconductors, the occurrence of earthquakes in the Earth’s solid crust, acoustic emission before fracture, as well as avalanches generated by the Burridge–Knopoff or Olami–Feder–Christensen models. Here, we show by the most recent measurements of the Interstellar Mapping and Acceleration Probe (IMAP) that the interplanetary magnetic field components under steady solar wind conditions at 1 au when analyzed in natural time share the same statistical description of fluctuations as in critical systems. This property can identify early-warning signatures of episodic events interwoven with the magnetic field.
DOI: 10.3847/1538-4365/aea972
Authors: N. V. Sarlis, G. Livadiotis, D. J. McComas, N. A. Schwadron, M. Gkioulidou, M. E. Cuesta, J. S. Rankin, H. A. Farooki, S. Kasapis, L. Y. Khoo, M. M. Shen, B. L. Shrestha
Language: English
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $4,499
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OpenAlex ID: W7223035795
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