Year: 2026
Type: article
Abstract: In inclined roadways, the longitudinal wind speed required to suppress smoke back-layering varies with inclination. This study examines that variation using FDS critical-velocity results at 0°, 3°, 6° and 9°, together with reduced-scale experiments at 11 angles. The FDS threshold increased from 0.69 m/s at 0° to 1.83 m/s at 6°, then decreased to 0.81 m/s at 9°. Experimental airflow settings were placed around Froude-scaled numerical targets to obtain approximate brackets for smoke suppression, indicating a peak near 4°–6°. The enhancement–attenuation correlation gave an in-sample R 2 of 0.987 for the four FDS values, although its predictions exceeded the experimental brackets at several angles. In 4000 refits using independent uniform draws from the brackets at the ten angles within 0°–9°, the 2.5th and 97.5th percentiles of the fitted peak angle were 4.9° and 5.2°. In the configuration studied, critical velocity first increased and then decreased with inclination, with higher required wind speeds near 4°–6°.
Source: Scientific Reports
Language: English
Subfield: Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $2,690
OpenAlex ID: W7223042969