Advanced Control Strategies and Intelligent Optimization Techniques for Shunt Active Power Filters: A Comprehensive Review
Year: 2026
Type: article
Abstract: The rapid expansion of renewable energy systems, distributed generation, electric vehicle (EV) charging infrastructure, and nonlinear power electronic loads has intensified power quality challenges in modern electrical distribution networks. Harmonic distortion, reactive power demand, voltage fluctuations, current imbalance, and poor power factor have become major concerns affecting system reliability, efficiency, and compliance with international power quality standards. Among various compensation technologies, Shunt Active Power Filters (SAPFs) have emerged as one of the most effective solutions for mitigating current harmonics and improving power quality under dynamic operating conditions. Recent research has focused on developing advanced control strategies, intelligent optimization algorithms, adaptive controllers, and improved converter topologies to enhance SAPF performance. This review presents a comprehensive analysis of recent developments in SAPF technologies, including synchronous reference frame (SRF) control, instantaneous reactive power (p-q) theory, Direct-Quadrature (d-q) control, fuzzy logic control (FLC), adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference systems (ANFIS), particle swarm optimization (PSO), modified complex coefficient filters (MCCF), Adaline-based control (ABC), and nonlinear PID (NPID) controllers. Additionally, renewable-energy-integrated SAPFs, modular converter architectures, unified power quality conditioners (UPQCs), and real-time hardware validation techniques are critically reviewed. The comparative analysis indicates that intelligent and optimization-based control techniques provide superior harmonic mitigation, faster transient response, enhanced DC-link voltage regulation, and improved compliance with IEEE-519 standards. Finally, current research gaps and future opportunities involving artificial intelligence, digital twins, adaptive optimization, and next-generation semiconductor technologies are discussed.
Institution: RKDF University
Language: English
Topic: Power Quality and Harmonics
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: diamond
OpenAlex ID: W7223091162