Work

Factors associated with early puncture-site wound events after percutaneous vertebroplasty for osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures: a retrospective cohort study

Year: 2026

Type: article

Abstract: Objective Early puncture-site wound events after percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) for osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCFs) often receive less attention than major complications, but they may influence early wound monitoring and postoperative risk assessment. This study aimed to identify factors associated with early puncture-site wound events after elective PVP. Methods This single-center retrospective cohort study included consecutive patients who underwent elective PVP for OVCFs between January 2022 and June 2026. The primary outcome was any puncture-site wound event within 2 weeks after surgery, defined as erythema or swelling, bleeding or exudate, subcutaneous hematoma, or infection. Prespecified demographic, clinical, laboratory, and procedure-related candidate factors were first evaluated in univariable screening analyses. Modified Poisson regression with robust standard errors was then used to estimate adjusted risk ratios (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for variables meeting the screening criterion or selected a priori for clinical relevance. Results Among 1,307 eligible patients, 136 (10.4%) had recorded early puncture-site wound events. Suture closure (RR: 2.24; 95% CI: 1.59–3.16; P < 0.001), diabetes (RR: 1.57; 95% CI: 1.11–2.21; P = 0.010), elevated international normalized ratio (RR: 1.66; 95% CI: 1.08–2.57; P = 0.022), and multilevel treatment (RR: 1.73; 95% CI: 1.03–2.89; P = 0.038) were associated with a higher adjusted risk of the composite outcome. Age, sex, and body mass index were not independently associated with the composite outcome in the primary model. In the crude comparison by closure method, any event occurred in 53 of 774 patients (6.8%) with nonsuture closure and in 83 of 533 patients (15.6%) with suture closure (crude RR: 2.27; 95% CI: 1.64–3.15; P < 0.001). Conclusion Early wound status after elective PVP for OVCFs was associated with metabolic and coagulation status, treatment extent, and local puncture-site closure method. These findings should be interpreted within the limits of a retrospective observational study.

Source: Frontiers in Medicine

DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2026.1988843