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Secondary Pulmonary Alveolar Proteinosis after Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in the Setting of an Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection: A Case Report

Year: 2026

Type: article

Abstract: Secondary pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (SPAP) is rare and often results in poor outcomes; therefore, it is crucial to diagnose and treat it appropriately. A 23-year-old man who received allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) 18 months before presentation was diagnosed with SPAP after allo-HSCT in the setting of an RSV infection. The patient's respiratory symptoms improved after treatment for RSV infection, and SPAP gradually improved during the follow-up period. This case suggests that SPAP should be considered in post-HSCT patients with persistent respiratory symptoms or radiological abnormalities in the setting of an RSV infection.

Source: Internal Medicine

DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.5740-25

Authors: Yuki Mori, Koichi Nakase, Risa Hashida, Yuichiro Nawa, Norihiko Nakanishi

Institutions: Tokyo Metropolitan Komagome Hospital, Ehime Prefectural Central Hospital

Language: English

Topic: Interstitial Lung Diseases and Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis

Subfield: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine

Field: Medicine

Domain: Health Sciences

SDG: Good health and well-being

Open Access status: diamond

OpenAlex ID: W7223129817

FWCI:

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