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Sinonasal Malignancies in Taiwan (2009–2019): Histologic Distribution, Overall Survival, and Temporal Trends in Hematological Versus Nonhematological Tumors

Year: 2026

Type: article

Abstract: Background: Sinonasal malignancies are rare and histologically diverse, with limited population-based data from Asia. This study investigated the histologic distribution, factors associated with overall survival (OS), and temporal survival patterns in Taiwan. Methods: This retrospective population-based study used linked data from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database and Taiwan Cancer Registry. Adults with invasive nasal cavity or paranasal sinus malignancies diagnosed between 2009 and 2019 were included. Factors associated with OS were evaluated using multivariable Cox regression analysis separately for hematological and nonhematological malignancies. Results: Among 1494 patients, 718 (48.1%) had hematological malignancies, and 776 (51.9%) had nonhematological malignancies. Squamous cell carcinoma predominated among nonhematological malignancies, whereas T-cell and NK/T-cell lymphomas were more common than mature B-cell lymphomas among hematological malignancies. Increasing age was associated with a higher hazard of death in both groups. In nonhematological malignancies, recorded surgical procedures were associated with a lower hazard of death (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 0.52; 95% CI, 0.42-0.66), whereas chemotherapy was associated with a higher hazard (aHR, 1.81; 95% CI, 1.36-2.39). In hematological malignancies, diagnosis during 2015-2019 was associated with a lower hazard of death than during 2009-2014 (aHR, 0.76; 95% CI, 0.60-0.96). Conclusion: Sinonasal malignancies in Taiwan showed distinct histologic and survival patterns. The predominance of T-cell and NK/T-cell neoplasms and improved survival in the more recent period highlight important epidemiological characteristics of hematological sinonasal malignancies in Taiwan. Level of Evidence: 3.

Source: Laryngoscope Investigative Otolaryngology

DOI: 10.1002/lio2.70613

Authors: Chi‐Hsien Wu, Ching‐Heng Lin, Kai‐Li Liang