Modulating biochemical and phytochemical profiles in Lallemantia royleana callus culture via graphitic carbon nitride nano-elicitation
Year: 2026
Type: article
Abstract: Graphitic carbon nitride (g-C 3 N 4 ) nanoparticles, as emerging nanomaterials, have attracted increasing attention due to their potential to modulate phytochemical traits in plants as elicitor. In the present study, the impact of synthesized graphitic carbon nitride (g-C 3 N 4 ) nanoparticles (50, 150, and 300 mg/L) was evaluated on various morpho-biochemical characteristics in callus culture of Lallemantia royleana Benth. The successful synthesis of g-C 3 N 4 NPs was confirmed through XRD, FT-IR, SEM, and DLS techniques. This novel elicitor increased H 2 O 2 , malondialdehyde, and antioxidant activity in a non-dose-dependent manner. Compared with the control, at 150 mg/L, there was a significant increase in total phenolic content (TPC) (1.47- fold), phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) activity (2.07-fold), ascorbate peroxidase (APX) (2.03-fold), and total saponin (1.84-fold). There was no difference in total flavonoids content at 150 mg/L (78.10 mg QE/g DW) and 300 mg/L (68.71 mg QE/g DW).The highest accumulation of mucilage (24.83 g/g DW%) was observed at 300 mg/L. This study demonstrates the use of g-C₃N₄ NPs to boost phytochemicals, especially saponins and mucilage, through callus culture in L. royleana . This research also helps address the knowledge gap regarding novel elicitors for the in vitro production of important phytochemical compounds in medicinal plants.
Source: Scientific Reports
Language: English
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $2,690
Funder: Isfahan University of Technology
OpenAlex ID: W7223198343