Year: 2026
Type: article
Abstract: The QCD trace anomaly is a well-established textbook result in quantum field theory with several prominent features: (1) it arises from the quantum breaking of scale symmetry at ultraviolet (UV) scales, yet its full renormalized expression is independent of the particular UV regulator used, whether lattice or dimensional regularization; (2) although nominally of order α s , it is free of renormalization-scheme ambiguity; and (3) it is free of UV divergences and therefore scale independent. We show that renormalization in a reducible operator basis introduces additional convention dependence in its separation into quark and gluon parts, which do not share the properties of the whole anomaly itself. An irreducible decomposition instead keeps the trace anomaly as a single, convention-free component, and gives transparent physical meanings to anomaly-related nucleon physics, including the nucleon mass structure and internal forces.
Source: Physics Letters B
Author: Chen Yang
Institution: University of Maryland, College Park
Language: English
Subfield: Nuclear and High Energy Physics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: diamond
OpenAlex ID: W7223236749