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Meteorological factors and cardiovascular disease hospitalizations and in-hospital mortality: An ecological time-series study in an arid region of Iran

Year: 2026
Type: article
Study design: Observational Study
Abstract: Background The relationship between climate factors and cardiovascular events remains controversial. This study investigates the association between meteorological variables and daily CVD hospitalization and mortality counts. Methods Data on cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and meteorological variables, including temperature, humidity, wind speed, and atmospheric pressure, were obtained from Bohlol Gonabadi Hospital and the Gonabad Bureau of Meteorology, respectively, covering the period from April 1, 2017, to December 31, 2022. Generalized Additive Models (GAMs) were employed for the analysis. Results The average age at death was 76.8 years, compared to 60.7 years among hospitalized patients. Humidity demonstrated a statistically significant association with CVD hospitalization (p=0.02p = 0.02p=0.02), exhibiting an approximately linear exposure–response pattern across the observed range. Temperature showed variation in its estimated association with hospitalization across the observed range; however, the overall association was not statistically significant (p=0.38p = 0.38p=0.38). Hospitalization counts were significantly higher in summer, autumn, and winter compared to spring. No statistically significant associations were found between the examined meteorological variables and CVD mortality. Conclusion The study highlights the complex relationship between environmental factors and CVD outcomes, underscoring the need for further research to identify additional contributing factors.
DOI: 10.1016/j.envc.2026.101694
Language: English
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $2,140
OpenAlex ID: W7223338578
FWCI:
Cites: 27
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Related to: 10