Behavioral Patterns of Macaca nigra During Pregnancy at Gembira Loka Zoo: Implications for Ex Situ Conservation
Year: 2026
Type: article
Abstract: Macaca nigra was an endemic primate of Indonesia from North Sulawesi and was classified as endangered. Ex situ conservation efforts through captive breeding played an important role in maintaining its survival. The aim of this study was to identify the behavioral patterns of the crested black macaque (Macaca nigra) during pregnancy, which are key indicators of the female’s physiological condition in a conservation institution. Behavioral observations were conducted using direct observation of one Macaca nigra family at Gembira Loka Zoo, recording behaviors such as feeding, grooming, locomotion, and social interaction. The data will be analyzed descriptively to identify changes in behavioral patterns. The results showed that resting and feeding behaviors tended to be more dominant compared to other activities. Social activity and mobility tend to decrease, which is thought to be related to energy requirements, hormonal influences, and adaptive mechanisms during pregnancy. Thus, the behavioral patterns of Macaca nigra during pregnancy can serve as an important indicator of the animals’ physiological condition, providing a basis for ex situ conservation management.
Institution: Yogyakarta State University
Language: English
Topic: Primate Behavior and Ecology
Subfield: Social Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Open Access status: hybrid
OpenAlex ID: W7223378666