In Vitro Evaluation of the Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Potential of Croton Bonplandianus
Year: 2026
Type: article
Abstract: ABSTRACT: The increasing prevalence of nephrotoxicity and inflammation-related disorders underscores the need for safe, effective, and affordable therapeutic alternatives. This study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of Croton bonplandianus root extracts through in vitro assays, validating their traditional use and exploring their phytopharmacological relevance. Following maceration with ethanol and methanol, the extracts were subjected to phytochemical profiling, revealing the presence of flavonoids, phenolics, terpenoids, alkaloids, and tannins. Quantitative analyses showed higher total phenolic content in Croton bonplandianus (142.3 ± 4.2 mg GAE/g). In the DPPH radical scavenging assay, both extracts exhibited strong antioxidant activity in a concentration-dependent manner. Croton bonplandianus showed 80.74% inhibition and IC₅₀ of 42.31 µg/mL. Ascorbic acid was used as the standard. For anti-inflammatory assessment, protein denaturation and HRBC membrane stabilization assays were employed. At 100 µg/mL, Croton bonplandianus showed 76.34% inhibition of protein denaturation and 74.87% membrane protection. Diclofenac served as the reference standard. These findings confirm the significant in vitro antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential of both extracts. The correlation with phytochemical constituents highlights their therapeutic promise in oxidative and inflammation-associated conditions such as nephrotoxicity continued studies focused on isolating compound and in vivo validation are warranted.
Institution: Kalinga University
Language: English
Topic: Medicinal Plant Research
Subfield: Plant Science
Domain: Life Sciences
Open Access status: green
OpenAlex ID: W7223455441