Work

Conceptualizing “Noaiphobia”: Psychophysiological stress during unaided versus AI-assisted writing in an exploratory pilot study

Year: 2026

Type: article

Abstract: The rapid integration of generative AI into academic workflows has raised concerns about psychological dependence and about what happens when access is lost. This paper proposes “Noaiphobia” as an exploratory construct: the acute psychophysiological stress response associated with the unavailability of AI support during task execution. We tentatively frame it as arising from three processes: withdrawal-like reactions to habitual reliance, an increase in intrinsic cognitive load once an external scaffold is removed, and a threat appraisal in which task demands are perceived to exceed internal coping resources. As an initial empirical probe, an exploratory pilot study was conducted with 18 Tunisian sports science students who were daily AI users. In a within-subjects design with a fixed condition order, participants completed a short writing task in French first without AI and then with AI assistance; mean heart rate and perceived task stressfulness (visual analogue scale) were recorded in each condition. Resting heart rate had been measured in a separate session one week earlier (62.98 ± 4.78 bpm). Mean heart rate (93.10 ± 9.36 vs. 77.15 ± 5.99 bpm; MD = 15.95 bpm, 95% CI [11.56, 20.34], p < 0.001, d z = 1.81, 95% CI [1.04, 2.56]) and perceived stressfulness (73.06 ± 8.40 vs. 28.06 ± 7.44 mm; MD = 45.00 mm, 95% CI [41.53, 48.47], p < 0.001, d z = 6.44, 95% CI [4.24, 8.63]) were higher in the no-AI condition. These results offer preliminary evidence of a condition difference consistent with the proposed construct, but the fixed order and the greater effort demanded by unaided writing mean a withdrawal mechanism cannot be isolated. The study is best read as conceptual groundwork, and we outline the counterbalanced, effort-matched designs with direct measures of AI reliance needed to test the construct.

Source: Addictive Behaviors Reports

DOI: 10.1016/j.abrep.2026.100765

Authors: Omar Trabelsi, Mustapha Bouchiba, Mohamed Yaakoubi, Ahmed Ghorbel, Adnene Gharbi

Institutions: University of Monastir, University of Jendouba, Inserm, Université Sorbonne Paris Nord

Language: English

Topic: Technostress in Professional Settings

Subfield: Social Psychology

Field: Psychology

Domain: Social Sciences

SDG: Good health and well-being

Open Access status: gold

Estimated APC paid: $3,330