Year: 2026
Type: article
Abstract: Correctional institutions bear a moral and legal obligation to fulfill inmates' right to mental health care, yet implementation is often constrained by limited resources, overcrowding, and the psychological vulnerability of prisoners. This study evaluates the implementation of mental health services at Surabaya Class I Correctional Facility against the Mental Health Service Standards for Detainees, Children, Inmates, and Juvenile Inmates (Decree of the Director General of Corrections No. PAS-2346.PK.07.02 of 2025), using Donabedian's framework of structure, process, and outcome. A qualitative approach with a case study design was employed. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, direct observation, and document review involving the head of the care section, a general practitioner, the nurse in charge of the program, pharmacy staff, a health cadre (tamping), and an inmate receiving services, and were analyzed using the interactive model of Miles and Huberman. The findings show that, in terms of structure, the facility has no permanent clinical psychologist or psychiatrist and no dedicated budget, although these gaps are partly bridged through external collaboration. In terms of process, the STAIR model (screening, triage, assessment, intervention, and reintegration) runs adaptively: initial screening and closely supervised psychopharmacological intervention have been carried out, whereas periodic screening and triage remain passive and informal. In terms of outcome, positive indications were observed, such as improved sleep and social interaction. Service delivery therefore still relies on an adaptive approach amid structural limitations, supported by external partnerships and staff dedication.
Language: English
Subfield: Clinical Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Open Access status: diamond
OpenAlex ID: W7223656472