High-Fidelity Earth–Moon Vertical-Orbit SPK Kernels
Year: 2026
Type: dataset
Abstract: Overview This dataset provides high-fidelity Spacecraft and Planet Kernel (SPK) trajectory products for Earth–Moon L1 and L2 vertical orbits, developed as part of research on geometry-preserving reference trajectory design and station keeping in the cislunar environment. The trajectories were generated using HighFidelityEphemerisModel.jl (HFEM) in Julia. The dataset contains 338 validated SPICE BSP trajectory kernels, together with their corresponding labels, JSON metadata, and maneuver/control records. The collection supports the research presented in: Derek Phung and Yuri Shimane, High-Fidelity Baseline Design and Station Keeping Analyses for Earth–Moon Vertical Orbits, arXiv:2610.10803 (2026). https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.10803 The manuscript has been submitted to the 2027 AAS/AIAA Space Flight Mechanics Meeting. Official conference publication information will be added when available. Dataset contents The dataset contains 1,352 original files, comprising 338 complete sets of BSP, LBL, JSON, and TXT files. Files are organized into six ZIP archives: Archive Trajectory cases Description box_sweep_L2_1036.zip 40 Geometry-constraint box-width sensitivity epoch_sweep_L2_1036.zip 90 Consecutive daily initial-epoch sensitivity family_6month_L1.zip 100 Approximately six-month L1 vertical-orbit references family_6month_L2.zip 100 Approximately six-month L2 vertical-orbit references long_duration_L1.zip 4 Selected 5.5-year L1 vertical-orbit references long_duration_L2.zip 4 Selected 5.5-year L2 vertical-orbit references Each ZIP opens directly into its original individual case directories. Every case retains its trajectory BSP, label, metadata JSON, and maneuver/control text file. Original filenames and file contents are preserved. Extract each ZIP into a separate directory named after its archive to retain the experiment grouping. The dataset also includes: README.md: Detailed documentation, SPICE usage, scientific conventions, dependencies, provenance, and validation information. file_inventory.csv: Complete inventory of all 1,352 source files, their archive locations, sizes, and SHA-256 checksums. spk_catalog.csv: Scientific catalog for the 338 BSPs, including SPK segment descriptors, object identifiers, reference frames, interpolation properties, temporal coverage, and validation references. SHA256SUMS.txt: SHA-256 checksums for the nine other top-level release files. SPK conventions and usage The trajectory kernels use Moon-centered (NAIF ID 301) J2000 inertial coordinates and SPK Type-13 interpolation with degree-seven polynomials. Positions and velocities are expressed in kilometers and kilometers per second. Ephemeris time (ET) is expressed as TDB seconds past J2000. Each kernel may contain multiple trajectory segments. Segment gaps must be respected: the overall coverage span does not necessarily represent continuous coverage, and SPICE interpolation cannot bridge uncovered intervals. Researchers should consult spk_catalog.csv, the original labels, and the case metadata before selecting query epochs or interpreting control costs. The collection includes both near-ballistic references and trajectories requiring deterministic maneuvers; not every kernel is ballistic. Existing kernels can be queried using standard NAIF SPICE-compatible interfaces. The README provides a Julia/SPICE.jl example and identifies the relevant HFEM export utilities. Generation and validation The trajectory products were generated using the HFEM-based reference-generation workflow, including high-fidelity ephemeris dynamics, geometry-constrained optimization, and SPK export. The source data were previously evaluated using the independent numerical validation procedures documented in the spk-validations repository. The preserved validation evidence records 338 passing cases, zero failed cases, and zero unknown cases. The formal position-residual acceptance criterion is a maximum position deviation strictly below 1 × 10⁻⁶ km. The largest recorded maximum position residual is approximately 6.50 × 10⁻⁸ km. These statements refer to previously generated validation evidence. Preparation of this Zenodo release did not rerun the numerical propagations or validations. The release packaging process verified complete file representation, ZIP integrity, SHA-256 correspondence with the source files, archive organization, and the scientific metadata catalogs. Dependencies and provenance The scientific workflow uses HighFidelityEphemerisModel.jl and SPICE.jl in Julia. The documented validation environment uses Julia 1.10, HFEM 0.2.4, and SPICE.jl 0.2.5, with exact revisions and dependencies recorded in the README. External SPICE ephemeris, leap-second, lunar orientation, gravitational-parameter, and lunar spherical-harmonic inputs are documented separately. They are not redistributed in this dataset. The original labels, metadata files, and maneuver/control records are included to preserve the context necessary to interpret each reference trajectory. This release contains reference-trajectory products only. Separate station-keeping Monte Carlo simulation outputs are not included. Data integrity and citation All 1,352 original source files have been preserved without modification. The six archives contain each source file exactly once. Researchers can use file_inventory.csv, spk_catalog.csv, and SHA256SUMS.txt to identify, locate, and verify the published files. When using the archived trajectory products, please cite this Zenodo dataset and the associated research paper. The detailed README provides additional technical documentation and references.
Authors: Phung, Derek, Shimane, Yuri
Institution: University of California, Irvine
Language: English
Subfield: Aerospace Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: green
OpenAlex ID: W7223734614