Work

Statistical Mechanics and Thermodynamics of a Rotating Continuous-Helicity Gas

Year: 2026

Type: article

Abstract: In this paper, we investigate the thermodynamics of an ideal gas of classical particles with continuous helicity in three-dimensional Minkowski space. Using the one-particle distribution function for a particle with continuous helicity, we derive expressions for the chemical potential, angular momentum, and entropy of the gas. We show that such a system, when placed in a rotating container, can exist in two phases: rotating and non-rotating. We describe the conditions for the phase transition and examine the phase diagram of the gas. It is found that at comparably low angular velocities the rotating phase can exist only in the form of metastable states. A distinctive feature of these metastable states at such low angular velocities is a negative angular momentum.

Source: Physics

DOI: 10.3390/physics8040078

Authors: Dmitry Kaparulin, Nikita Levin, Mikhail Malev

Institution: National Research Tomsk State University

Language: English

Topic: Quantum and Classical Electrodynamics

Subfield: Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics

Field: Physics and Astronomy

Domain: Physical Sciences

Open Access status: gold

Estimated APC paid: $1,689

Funder: Russian Science Foundation