Análisis de la frecuencia y magnitud de factores de riesgo en hombres y mujeres con ataque cerebrovascular isquémico agudo: Estudio en pacientes de urgencias en clínica Imbanaco, Cali (Colombia).
Year: 2026
Type: article
Study design: Observational Study
Abstract: Objective: To determine the differences in the frequency and magnitude of risk factors between men and women with acute ischemic stroke attending the emergency department at Clínica Imbanaco in Cali, Colombia, from January 2022 to August 2023. Materials and methods: Cross-sectional study describing stroke risk factors in men and women who consulted the emergency department at Clínica Imbanaco. Variables were extracted from medical records and included sex, age, and risk factors, among others. Data were collected using Epi Info™ software through convenience sampling. Data analysis was performed using STATA 15© statistical software (Texas, USA), applying statistical tests according to the nature of the variables. Results: In the study population (51.4% men; median age: 71 years), the most prevalent non-modifiable risk factors and medical history included hypertension (65.07%), valvular heart disease (35.62%), carotid artery disease (32.88%), and diabetes mellitus (26.71%). A total of 65.75% of patients were taking antiplatelet agents—mainly acetylsalicylic acid (63.01%)—and 10.96% were anticoagulated at the time of the event. A personal history of stroke was recorded in 16.44% of cases, and a family history in 5%. Regarding modifiable risk factors, obesity of any grade was more frequent in men than in women (31.42% vs. 15.87%; p = 0.036), although there were no significant differences when categorizing body mass index (BMI). Smoking was significantly more common in men (66.67%; p = 0.046). Alcohol consumption was low in the general population (13.1%), showing a marked trend toward the male sex (81.82% of consumers), although without a statistically significant difference compared to women (18.18%). Both sexes showed a low frequency of regular physical activity, with no significant differences (p = 0.675). Regarding sociodemographic factors, 49.64% of the population had a university education and 29.08% belonged to socioeconomic stratum three, with no differences between the evaluated groups. Conclusions: This study characterizes the risk factors for ischemic cerebrovascular disease in our population, serving as a starting point for future research. Precise identification of these factors is essential to guide secondary prevention strategies and implement protocols backed by scientific evidence, aiming to reduce incidence and mitigate the impact of stroke on mortality, disability, and quality of life.
Source: Salutem Scientia Spiritus
Institution: Pontificia Universidad Javeriana
Language: Spanish
Subfield: Clinical Neurology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: diamond
OpenAlex ID: W7224036377