Swainson's thrushes vary singing behaviour across ambient noise gradients and rapidly adjust songs in response to experimental traffic noise
Year: 2026
Type: article
Abstract: ABSTRACT Anthropogenic noise pollution has a variety of negative consequences for animals, with observed effects ranging from physiological processes to community structures. Sound waves from anthropogenic noise can mask animal signals, creating challenges for animal communication. Songbirds have been observed to combat noise pollution by changing their song rate, duration, frequency, or amplitude, with different species employing different strategies. We examined whether Swainson’s thrushes ( Catharus usulatus ) adjust their song structure under different traffic noise regimens using both population level surveys and individual level noise playback experiments. Swainson’s thrushes’ song frequency varied with background traffic noise levels across the surveyed population, but other song parameters did not. When confronted with realistic levels of experimental traffic noise playback, individual thrushes rapidly changed their song structure, increasing both the duration and the minimum frequency of their songs, before quickly returning towards baseline levels after the noise playback ended. Together, these results suggest that Swainson’s thrushes are adjusting their singing to reduce acoustic masking in noisy areas and further indicate that some songbirds might continually assess ambient noise levels and only adjust their signals when necessary.
Source: Royal Society Open Science
DOI: 10.1098/rsos.252553
Authors: Brigitta Mathews, Riley Crawford, Annika Dank, Jasper McCutcheon, Cvetana Ilic, Christopher N. Templeton
Institutions: Western Washington University, Pitzer College
Language: English
Domain: Life Sciences
SDG: Life on land
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $1,471
OpenAlex ID: W4415775512