Ambiente alimentar escolar e padrões de marcadores de consumo alimentar entre adolescentes brasileiros: análise da PeNSE 2019
Year: 2026
Type: dissertation
Abstract: Introduction: the consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPFs) among children and adolescents has been increasing, making the school setting a strategic environment for promoting healthy eating. Objective: to analyze the association between the school food environment and dietary consumption marker patterns among adolescents, using data from the 2019 National School Health Survey (PeNSE). Methods: this cross sectional analytical study used data from the 2019 National School Health Survey (PeNSE), including 159,245 students enrolled in the 7th grade of elementary school through the 3rd year of high school in public and private schools. Dietary consumption marker patterns were identified using Principal Component Analysis based on data from the dietary screener of six food items. School food environment variables were selected according to Story’s ecological framework, and associations were assessed using Poisson regression models. Results: two dietary patterns were identified: healthy and unhealthy. The provision of school meals, the presence of school gardens, and compliance with legislation related to school food were associated with a higher prevalence of adherence to the healthy dietary pattern. In contrast, the presence of school canteens, UPF advertising, and school-specific food policies were associated with the unhealthy dietary pattern. The presence of minimally processed foods in school canteens and the absence of UPFs in alternative points of sale favored the healthy dietary pattern. In contrast, greater presence of UPFs in alternative points of sale was associated with the unhealthy dietary pattern. Among the individual, social, and socioeconomic factors, consuming school meals, eating meals with parents, and living with one's father were associated with the healthy dietary pattern, whereas eating meals in front of screens, purchasing foods from school canteens and alternative points of sale, and unfavorable socioeconomic conditions were associated lower adherence of both patterns. Conclusion: the school food environment comprised different dimensions associated with adolescents' dietary consumption patterns, highlighting the importance of integrated actions to expand access to healthy foods, strengthen school feeding programs, and reduce food-related social inequalities.
Author: Passos, Heloisi Gonçalves Santos
Language: Portuguese
Subfield: Nutrition and Dietetics
Field: Nursing
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: green
OpenAlex ID: W7224151745