Work

Green synthesis of biomass-based SnO 2 – activated carbon composite from coffee husk for congo red detection using poly(niacin) functionalization

Year: 2026

Type: article

Abstract: The present work describes a sensitive electrochemical method for the detection of congo red (CR) by modifying tin dioxide (SnO2), graphite powder and activated carbon (AC) composite paste (B(SnO2/GP/AC)) using poly niacin (PNCM(SnO2/GP/AC)). The green synthesis technique was applied to synthesize SnO2 using Azadirachta indica leaves extract and used as the electrode material. Techniques such as Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), X-Ray diffraction (XRD), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), cyclic voltammetry (CV), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and linear scanning voltammetry (LSV) were utilized to study the surface characteristics of both B(SnO2/GP/AC) and PNCM(SnO2/GP/AC). A linear response was observed over the concentration range of 0.2–4.5 μM, with calculated limit of detection (LOD) of 0.875 μM and 0.793 μM for CV and LSV, respectively. The proposed electrode was applicable for the analysis of CR in tap water and effluent water with good recovery rates of 100.67%–101.06% and 97.67%–99.68%, respectively.

Source: Journal of Taibah University for Science

DOI: 10.1080/16583655.2026.2751270

Authors: K. P. Moulya, Jamballi Gangadarappa Manjunatha, B. M. Sharmila, Samar A. Aldossari, Fajer. M. Alelaj, Mohamad Deraman

Institutions: Mangalore University, King Saud University, Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, National University of Malaysia

Language: English

Topic: Electrochemical sensors and biosensors

Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering

Field: Engineering

Domain: Physical Sciences

SDG: Responsible consumption and production

Open Access status: gold

Estimated APC paid: $944