Year: 2026
Type: article
Study design: Case Report
Abstract: Anesthesia in domestic pigs represents a challenge in veterinary practice and is essential for clinical, outpatient, diagnostic, and surgical procedures. This case report describes the anesthetic management of a 13-year-old female miniature pig weighing 94 kg that underwent regional mastectomy for the removal of mammary carcinoma. The anesthetic protocol consisted of intramuscular (IM) administration of xylazine (0.7 mg/kg), followed by intravenous (IV) administration of ketamine (2 mg/kg) and midazolam (0.1 mg/kg). Anesthetic induction was performed in the operating room using 1 mg/kg of propofol, 3 mcg/kg of fentanyl, and 0.5 mg/kg of lidocaine. Anesthesia was maintained with continuous propofol infusion at variable rates (0.05 to 0.1 mg/kg/min), together with analgesic infusions of fentanyl at 3 mcg/kg/h, ketamine at 0.2 mg/kg/h, and dexmedetomidine at 0.3 mcg/kg/h. The patient remained hemodynamically stable throughout the procedure, demonstrated a safe anesthetic recovery, and achieved adequate analgesic control. Intensive postoperative monitoring contributed to a favorable clinical outcome, demonstrating the effectiveness of the adopted protocol.
Institution: Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas
Language: English
Subfield: Small Animals
Field: Veterinary
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: diamond
OpenAlex ID: W7224185017