Learning Trajectory Berbantuan Multimedia dalam Pembelajaran: Tinjauan Sistematis atas Tinjauan Literatur (Umbrella Review) Multimedia-Supported Learning Trajectories in Instruction: An Umbrella Review
Year: 2026
Type: article
Study design: Systematic Review
Abstract: The integration of learning trajectories (LTs) and multimedia is often assumed to be mutually reinforcing, yet the evidence base has not been mapped systematically. This study examines the forms and roles of multimedia in supporting LTs and the contribution of multimedia-supported LTs to learning processes and outcomes. An umbrella review was conducted and reported according to PRISMA 2020. Google Scholar was searched through Publish or Perish for publications from 2021 to 2026, yielding 281 records, of which 12 reviews met the criteria and were synthesized narratively. Three findings emerged. First, the LT construct is used in four distinct senses, and only the cognitive-instructional sense has experimental support, mainly in early childhood mathematics. Second, reviews on fractions and geometry indicate that the pedagogical role of technology depends on its position within the trajectory, and that activity design matters more than media type. Third, evidence on the benefits of multimedia comes from reviews that do not use an LT framework, and none of the reviews tested the integration of LT and multimedia directly. The study proposes a hypothetical five-stage framework for positioning multimedia at each LT stage and a factorial experimental design to test it. The findings should be read in light of a single-database search and the absence of formal quality appraisal of the included reviews.
Institution: Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha
Language: English
Subfield: Experimental and Cognitive Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
SDG: Quality education
Open Access status: diamond
OpenAlex ID: W7224610193