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Clinical Characteristics Associated with Biochemical Pregnancy Occurrence Among IVF Patients with Tubal Disorders: A Single-Centre Retrospective Cohort Study in Indonesia

Year: 2026

Type: article

Abstract: Purpose: Infertility is a complex reproductive health condition requiring individualized management. Although in vitro fertilization (IVF) has become an established treatment option, early pregnancy outcomes vary among patients due to differences in maternal, ovarian, uterine, and treatment-related characteristics. This study aimed to evaluate clinical characteristics associated with biochemical pregnancy occurrence among women undergoing IVF, with further evaluation among patients with documented tubal disorders. Patients and Methods: This retrospective cohort study was conducted at the Infertility Clinic of Aster, Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia. Women who underwent IVF between January 2019 and December 2023 were identified from clinical records and invited to participate. Biochemical pregnancy occurrence was defined as a positive serum β-human chorionic gonadotropin (β-hCG) result following IVF treatment, obtained through structured telephone interviews based on participants’ reported results. Clinical characteristics were analyzed using Chi-square or Fisher’s exact test for categorical variables and independent t -test or Mann–Whitney U -test for continuous variables, as appropriate. A p-value of < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Among 89 women included, biochemical pregnancy occurred in 40 patients (44.9%). Female age (p=0.033), duration of infertility (p< 0.001), and AMH level (p=0.003) were associated with biochemical pregnancy occurrence. Among patients with tubal disorders (n=40), diminished ovarian reserve (p=0.031), uterine fibroids (p=0.038), and history of pelvic inflammatory disease (p=0.004) were associated with biochemical pregnancy occurrence. Conclusion: Several clinical characteristics were associated with biochemical pregnancy occurrence among women undergoing IVF. These findings should be interpreted as exploratory associations because multivariable adjustment was not performed. Further prospective multicenter studies with comprehensive IVF-related data are needed to validate these findings. Keywords: infertility, in vitro fertilization, tubal factors, pregnancy

Source: International Journal of Women s Health

DOI: 10.2147/ijwh.s644133

Authors: Ilonna Putri Pertiwi, Hanom Husni Syam, Eppy Darmadi Achmad

Institutions: Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Padjadjaran University

Language: English

Topic: Reproductive Health and Technologies

Subfield: Reproductive Medicine

Field: Medicine

Domain: Health Sciences

SDG: Good health and well-being

Open Access status: gold

Estimated APC paid: $2,836