Future Directions for Biomimetic Exosome-mimic Lipid Nanoparticles in Nose-to-brain Migraine Therapy
Year: 2026
Type: article
Abstract: Migraine is a common nervous disorder and a leading cause of disability in the world. Although several therapeutic agents are available, their efficacy is usually compromised by slow absorption into the circulation, systemic side effects, and limited ability to reach central nervous system (CNS) targets. The intranasal route has been shown to be an attractive alternative as it allows a more rapid absorption of the drug and direct transport to the brain via the olfactory and trigeminal pathways, thus minimizing the need for systemic circulation. Biomimetic exosome-mimic lipid nanoparticles (EMLNPs) have emerged in recent years as a new type of lipid nanoparticle that offers the advantages of natural exosomes while simultaneously being scalable and formulable. These biomimetic nanocarriers aim to elevate the stability of the drug, promote its transport across the mucosa, enhance its cellular uptake, and permit the effective distribution of the drug to the brain. Moreover, their physicochemical properties can be modified by lipid engineering, surface modification, and targeted functionalization for improved therapeutic efficacy. In this review, the possibilities of EMLNPs as a delivery vehicle for intranasal administration of antimigraine drugs are explored. The design, fabrication strategies, surface engineering, drug encapsulation, and considerations for characterization of nanoparticles are discussed. The characteristics of drug candidates for the formation of biomimetic exosome mimics, as well as current barriers to and future prospects for migraine therapy, are also emphasized. Taken together, EMLNPs are an interesting biomimetic method to enhance brain-targeted drug delivery and could play future roles in the development of more effective drug strategies for neurological diseases such as migraine.
Source: Acta Innovations
Authors: Mina Jamal Jabbar, Halah Talal Sulaiman
Institution: University of Baghdad
Language: English
Subfield: Biomaterials
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: diamond
OpenAlex ID: W7225075511