Work

Redesigning AI-Enabled Computing Courses as Socio-Technical Instructional Systems: PLS-SEM and Implementation Evidence from a Chinese Science and Engineering University

Year: 2026

Type: article

Abstract: Artificial intelligence (AI) integration in computing education is often evaluated as tool adoption, although course performance emerges from interdependencies among students, instructors, tasks, platforms, assessment, governance, and environmental constraints. This study conceptualized AI-enabled computing courses as socio-technical instructional systems and examined associations within a theoretically proposed readiness–quality–engagement–satisfaction pathway. The primary dataset comprised 122 responses from courses such as Algorithms and Data Structures, and Principles and Applications of Databases at a Chinese science and engineering university; 108 responses remained for inferential analysis after a conservative joint quality screen. A separate 57-response survey database (GaussDB) provided implementation-layer evidence. Factorability diagnostics, formative and reflective measurement assessment, partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM), 5000-resample bootstrap indirect-effect analysis, sensitivity analysis, and correlation-based item-level importance–performance analysis were applied. Course readiness was associated with instructional system quality, which was associated with engagement. Quality was directly associated with satisfaction and indirectly associated through engagement, explaining 55.2% of satisfaction variance. Assessment innovation, AI/digital-skill weighting, teaching experience, case and courseware integration, resource renewal, and personalization were priorities; the GaussDB evidence highlighted connectivity and diagnostic usability. The results support a six-stage redesign loop centered on high-quality learning rather than maximum AI use and provide a reproducible baseline for longitudinal, multi-institutional evaluation.

Source: Systems

DOI: 10.3390/systems14111380

Authors: Zhaolin Zhao, Shifa Liu, Linlin Huang, Yalei Yang, Xianyin Zhan

Institution: Fujian University of Technology

Language: English

Topic: Artificial Intelligence in Education

Subfield: Information Systems

Field: Computer Science

Domain: Physical Sciences

SDG: Quality education

Open Access status: gold

Estimated APC paid: $2,896