Durability of respiratory syncytial virus vaccine effectiveness for the elderly against infection and severe outcomes: A retrospective observational study with 3-year follow-up using electronic health records
Year: 2026
Type: article
Study design: Observational Study
Abstract: Background Evidence regarding effects of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) vaccination beyond 2 years is limited. The objective of this study was to evaluate the association between RSV vaccination and clinical outcomes for up to three years among those aged ≥60 years. Methods This retrospective cohort study used the TriNetX US platform, a multicenter database of electronic medical records of patients who underwent nucleic acid tests for RSV between October 2025 and March 2026. The study outcomes included medically attended RSV infection, hospitalization, and critical outcomes (i.e., ICU admission or death) temporally associated with RSV infection. Propensity score matching was used to calculate vaccine effectiveness. Interpretation After matching, 9897 medically attended participants from each cohort were included. Vaccine effectiveness was 44.5% [32.5%, 54.4%] for medically attended RSV infections, 53.6% [35.5%, 66.7%] for hospitalization, and 64.7% [32.1%, 81.7%] for critical outcomes. Vaccine effectiveness within 2 years and after 2–3 years of vaccination was 54.0% [38.2%, 65.7%] and 33.1% [12.8%, 48.7%] for medically attended RSV infection, and 50.0% [20.2%, 68.7%] and 44.4% [9.7%, 65.8%] for hospitalization, respectively. Conclusion Our study revealed the association of a single-dose RSV vaccination with fewer RSV infection for up to three years among those aged ≥60 years.
Source: Vaccine X
Language: English
Subfield: Epidemiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $2,440
Award: G1494458407
OpenAlex ID: W7225079429