Year: 2026
Type: article
Abstract: Predicting query response time supports capacity planning and the prioritization of database design changes, yet many published prediction models rely on benchmark workloads and opaque learned models. This study reports an empirical analysis of a production PostgreSQL transaction system in a glass manufacturing company, using multivariate linear regression as a transparent baseline. Response time (s) was modelled from four design-level variables: number of tables, number of indexes, database size (MB) and query complexity (number of joins), using 45 observations collected during the 2016–2025 period via direct measurement from production logs. The fitted model reported R² = 0.92 and RMSE = 0.12 s on chronological hold-out data. The four predictors were strongly intercorrelated (r = 0.92–0.99) and each correlated 0.97–0.98 with response time, so individual coefficients cannot be read as separate causal effects. The results are associations observed in one system and have not been validated on other workloads or configurations. The model is proposed as a transparent baseline for workload planning, and optimization recommendations are presented as hypotheses that require before-and-after testing.
Authors: Leong, Hironimus, Santosa, Yonathan Purbo
Institution: Soegijapranata Catholic University
Language: English
Subfield: Information Systems
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $13
OpenAlex ID: W7225137774