Dendrite Control Theory: A Unifying Framework Bridging Neuronal Morphology And Dendritic Voltage Behavior
Year: 2026
Type: preprint
Abstract: Control theory and dendritic computation have revolutionized their respective fields, yet they rarely converge. Here, we use control theory as a framework to reveal how dendritic morphology and synaptic input organization constrain structural resilience and energy cost. Treating diverse dendritic trees as connected network nodes, we demonstrate that the degree of structural symmetry dictates easy- versus hard-to-access control states. Notably, control inputs restricted solely to peripheral terminal branches are mathematically sufficient to govern the voltage states of the entire dendrite and soma, granting striking resilience against input loss elsewhere. Conversely, limiting input dimensionality amplifies voltage fluctuations and metabolic costs. These findings expose fundamental biophysical trade-offs between wiring cost, functional flexibility, robustness, and energy efficiency, suggesting interneurons generally exhibit higher resilience while excitatory neurons feature superior controllability. We introduce 'Dendrite Control Theory' as a rigorous engineering framework linking neuronal morphology directly to computation and robustness, offering a new neuroscience research paradigm.
Institutions: Goethe University Frankfurt, Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université de Lille, Institut d'Electronique, de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie, University Hospital Frankfurt, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Inserm, Université Paris Sciences et Lettres, École Normale Supérieure - PSL, Laboratoire de Neurosciences Cognitives
Language: English
Subfield: Cognitive Neuroscience
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
Open Access status: green
OpenAlex ID: W7225343960