Study of oat varieties for yield and main biochemical indicators of grain quality in the conditions of the Middle Urals
Year: 2026
Type: article
Abstract: Objective. The research was conducted to evaluate ten oat varieties bred by the Ural Federal Agrarian Research Center of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (UrFARC UB RAS) for their ability to form a stable yield with high grain quality indicators. Methods. Field trials were conducted at the Krasnoufimsk Breeding Center (2022-2024) in accordance with the methodology of field experiments, while biochemical assessments of the grain were carried out according to GOST standards in an analytical laboratory. The agrometeorological conditions during the years of research were contrasting (HTC = 1.01; 1.13 and 2.06), the duration of the growing season was 86…90 days, and the average yield across varieties ranged from 3.70 to 5.57 t/ha. Results. The highest yield was demonstrated by breeding-valuable genotypes (BCV=3.19…3.39) 'Estafeta' (5.36 t/ha) and 'Blitz' (5.38 t/ha), which exceeded the standards 'Sprint 2' and 'Universal-1' by 0.58…0.78 t/ha. At the same time, these varieties showed a weak response to changes in cultivation conditions (bi=0.85…0.96) and formed a stable yield under the worst cultivation conditions (Si2=0.30…0.32). A moderate positive correlation was established between the yield of the varieties and their biochemical grain composition: with protein content in the grain of the 'Cross' variety (r = 0.58) and 'Universal-1' (r = 0.57); ash – 'Atlet' (r = 0.68) and 'Estafeta' (r = 0.74); sugar – 'Sprint 2', 'Blitz', 'Stajyor' and 'Estafeta' (r = 0.50…0.80); fiber – 'Uralets', 'Pokrov 2', 'Estafeta' (r = 0.47…0.61), and oil – 'Atlet' (r = 0.69). In terms of protein content in oat grain, the varieties 'Stajyor', 'Pamyati Balavina', and 'Sprint 2' stood out (10.4…10.9%), ash – 'Pokrov 2', 'Universal-1' (3.02…3.14%), and fat – 'Sprint 2' (4.34%). The 'Cross' variety stood out in terms of carbohydrate composition in the grain: sugar (1.39%), starch (41.6%), and fiber (7.92%). Analysis of biochemical parameters allows the 'Sprint 2' variety, with its accumulation of protein (10.9%), starch (40.4%), and low fat content (4.34%), to be used for groats production.
Institution: Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Language: English
Topic: Genetics and Plant Breeding
Subfield: Plant Science
Domain: Life Sciences
SDG: Zero hunger
Open Access status: diamond
OpenAlex ID: W7225346955