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Burnout and Related Occupational and Psychological Outcomes Among Emergency Nurses in Saudi Arabia: A Scoping Review

Year: 2026

Type: review

Abstract: AIM: To map primary Saudi studies reporting burnout, occupational fatigue, anxiety, depression, psychological distress, or sleep disturbance among emergency-department (ED) nurses. DESIGN: Scoping review. METHODS: Following PRISMA-ScR, PubMed/MEDLINE, CINAHL Complete, ProQuest Nursing & Allied Health and Web of Science Core Collection were searched on 15 September 2026 using PCC-based controlled vocabulary and free-text terms. Primary quantitative, qualitative and mixed-methods studies (1 January 2015-15 September 2026) that meet the inclusion criteria were eligible. Two reviewers independently screened and extracted data using a standardized form, resolving disagreements by discussion. Charted data covered design, setting, sample and ED-nurse denominator, outcome construct and instrument, scoring, nurse-specific results and associations. Synthesis was descriptive and grouped by construct; meta-analysis was not planned given heterogeneity in constructs, measures, thresholds and reporting. RESULTS: The four sources yielded 1694 raw record instances; 15 Saudi ED-nurse records were included. Seven quantitative reports measured burnout, while two qualitative studies described burnout-related experiences. Other records examined fatigue, anxiety/depression, occupational stress, or secondary traumatic stress. Variation in measures, thresholds, sampling and reporting precluded meta-analysis or a defensible pooled estimate. CONCLUSION: Evidence from selected Saudi emergency settings signals concerns across burnout and related outcomes, but limited geographic coverage and predominantly cross-sectional designs preclude national prevalence or causal conclusions. Distinguishing burnout from adjacent constructs is essential. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE: Nursing leaders should monitor constructs separately using validated tools and ED-nurse-specific denominators, and pair confidential support with organizational action on modifiable work conditions. Future multisite longitudinal and intervention studies should assess feasibility and outcomes before wider adoption.

Source: Nursing Open

DOI: 10.1002/nop2.71020

Authors: Zakaria Ahmed Mani, Moath Mohamed Farasani, Aiman Ahmed Elagi, Ahmed Mohammed Ogdi, Afrah Ahmed Manni

Institutions: Jazan University, Helwan University

Language: English

Topic: Occupational Health and Burnout

Subfield: Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health

Field: Medicine

Domain: Health Sciences

SDG: Good health and well-being

Open Access status: gold

Estimated APC paid: $3,390