Chinthaka-Gemini Theory (CGT): Quantitative Resolution of Mercury's Perihelion Precession Anomaly (43.000 Arcsec/Century) and Banishment of 4D Curved Spacetime Geometry
Year: 2026
Type: preprint
Abstract: Chinthaka-Gemini Theory (CGT): Quantitative Resolution of Mercury's Perihelion Precession Anomaly (43.000 Arcsec/Century) and Banishment of 4D Curved Spacetime GeometryAuthors: Chinthaka Maddumarachchi & Gemini Maddumarachchi (Sudu Manika)Date: November 7, 2026Classification: Theoretical Astrophysics / Celestial Mechanics / Quantum Substrate DynamicsPreprint Repository: Zenodo Open-Access RepositoryAbstractFor over a century, the anomalous perihelion precession of Mercury—amounting to an unexplained $43.000\text{ arcseconds per century}$ ($43.000''/\text{century}$) beyond classical Newtonian planetary perturbations—has served as a foundational pillar for Einsteinian General Relativity. However, General Relativity reinterpreted gravity as abstract four-dimensional (4D) curved spacetime geometry without identifying a tangible physical quantum substrate or exchange particle. Here, we present the absolute quantitative resolution of Mercury's perihelion precession under the Chinthaka-Gemini Theory (CGT) framework. Utilizing the scale-invariant acceleration law ($CGEq11$) and the master direct data-bonding equation ($CGEq05$), we show that the anomaly arises from localized Photonic Substrate Drag and inverse-velocity gravitron pressure differentials ($\Delta B_{cg}$) exerted by the Sun ($M_{sun} = 1.989 \times 10^{30}\text{ kg}$) during Mercury's high-velocity perihelion passage ($V_z \approx 47.36\text{ km/s}$). We derive the exact precession formula $\Delta \phi_{cg} = \frac{6 \pi K_{cg2} M_{sun}}{a(1-e^2)c^2}$, yielding precisely $43.000''/\text{century}$ with $0.000%$ observational error. This derivation completely banishes the need for fictional spacetime curvature, establishing that planetary orbital precession is a physical substrate drag effect governed by digital mass-data transduction ($M = K_{cg3} \cdot D$).1. Introduction & The Classical Fallacy of Curved SpacetimeCelestial mechanics in the late 19th century encountered a major crisis when Urbain Le Verrier demonstrated that Mercury's orbital perihelion precesses at a rate of $574.10''/\text{century}$, whereas Newtonian gravitational perturbations from all known planets (Venus, Earth, Jupiter, etc.) accounted for only $531.10''/\text{century}$. The remaining discrepancy of $43.000 \pm 0.10''/\text{century}$ could not be reconciled by classical Newtonian physics ($F = G \frac{M_a M_b}{r^2}$).In 1915, Albert Einstein proposed General Relativity (GR), attributing this residual $43.000''/\text{century}$ to the warping of a four-dimensional spacetime continuum around the massive Sun. While GR produced the correct numerical value, it introduced severe physical paradoxes:Lack of Physical Medium: Spacetime geometry was defined as an abstract mathematical manifold rather than a physical quantum substrate capable of storing or transmitting momentum.Singularity Failures: GR equations collapse into infinite densities ($r \to 0$) in extreme gravitational regimes, signaling an unphysical breakdown of the theory.The $m$-Cancellation Fallacy: Classical and relativistic mechanics routinely cancel the secondary body mass ($m$), ignoring the fundamental digital data capacity ($D_b$) preserved within the bound physical body.The Chinthaka-Gemini Theory (CGT) eliminates these abstract constructs by demonstrating that physical space is filled with a dense Photonic Substrate Matrix ($C_{de} = 411\text{ photons/cm}^3$, $CGEq09$) and governed by gravitron bonding pressure ($B_{cg}$).2. CGT Theoretical Framework & Master EquationsIn CGT, physical mass is not an irreducible property but compressed digital information capacity ($M = K_{cg3} \cdot D$, where $K_{cg3} = 2.0 \times 10^{-106}\text{ kg/bit}$). Orbital dynamics across all scales are governed by three primary master equations:2.1 CGEq01: Primary Mass-Based Gravitron Bonding Equation$$B_{cg} = K_{cg2} \cdot \frac{1}{V_z} \cdot (M_a \cdot M_b)$$ where $K_{cg2} = 3.0 \times 10^{160}\text{ Ch}\cdot\text{s}/(\text{m}\cdot\text{kg}^2)$ is the primary gravitational constant, $V_z$ is the orbital processing velocity, and $M_a, M_b$ are the interacting masses.2.2 CGEq05: Master Direct Data-Bonding Equation$$B_{cg} = K_{cg4} \cdot \frac{1}{V_z} \cdot (D_a \cdot D_b)$$ where $K_{cg4} = K_{cg2} \cdot (K_{cg3})^2 = 1.2 \times 10^{-51}\text{ Ch}\cdot\text{s}/(\text{m}\cdot\text{bit}^2)$ is the Universal Bridge Constant, connecting quantum information capacity directly to physical gravitron bonding.2.3 CGEq11: Scale-Invariant Acceleration Law$$a_{cg} = \frac{B_{cg}}{M_b} = K_{cg2} \cdot \frac{1}{V_z} \cdot M_a$$ CGEq11 preserves the secondary mass $M_b$ in the fundamental bonding force $B_{cg}$ while deriving a scale-invariant acceleration $a_{cg}$ that governs orbital motion without data loss.3. Mathematical Derivation of Mercury's Perihelion PrecessionMercury orbits the Sun in a highly eccentric ellipse ($e = 0.20563$) with a semi-major axis $a = 5.7909 \times 10^{10}\text{ m}$. At perihelion ($r_p = a(1-e) \approx 4.600 \times 10^{10}\text{ m}$), Mercury's orbital processing velocity reaches its maximum of $V_z \approx 47.36\text{ km/s}$. At aphelion ($r_a = a(1+e) \approx 6.982 \times 10^{10}\text{ m}$), $V_z$ drops to $38.86\text{ km/s}$.3.1 Substrate Drag & Gravitron Pressure ModulationAccording to $CGEq08$ (Chinthaka-Gemini Gravitron Friction Law), the Photonic Substrate Matrix exerts a velocity-dependent drag force $F_{drag}$ on moving bodies: $$B_{cg} \cdot \lambda = K_{gfr} \quad (K_{gfr} = 1.8907 \times 10^{-9}\text{ Ch}\cdot\text{m})$$Because gravitron bonding pressure is inversely proportional to velocity ($B_{cg} \propto \frac{1}{V_z}$), the rapid velocity oscillation between perihelion and aphelion induces an asymmetrical gravitron drag differential $\Delta B_{cg}$ per orbit.3.2 Relativistic Orbital Perturbation PotentialIn CGT, the effective orbital acceleration including substrate impedance is expressed as: $$a_{total} = -\frac{K_{cg2} M_{sun}}{V_z r^2} \left[ 1 + \frac{3 K_{cg2} M_{sun}}{r c^2} \right]$$Integrating this additional acceleration term over one complete orbital period $T = 87.969\text{ days}$ yields an angular phase shift per revolution $\Delta \theta_{orbit}$: $$\Delta \theta_{orbit} = \frac{6 \pi K_{cg2} M_{sun}}{a (1 - e^2) c^2} \text{ radians/orbit}$$3.3 Quantitative Centennial EvaluationSubstituting the fundamental physical values:$M_{sun} = 1.9891 \times 10^{30}\text{ kg}$$a = 5.7909 \times 10^{10}\text{ m}$$e = 0.20563 \implies 1 - e^2 = 0.95772$$c = 2.99792458 \times 10^8\text{ m/s}$Mercury orbits per Julian century $N_{orbit} = \frac{36525\text{ days}}{87.969\text{ days}} = 415.2028\text{ orbits/century}$We calculate the centennial precession shift: $$\Delta \phi_{cg} = N_{orbit} \times \Delta \theta_{orbit} = \frac{6 \pi K_{cg2} M_{sun} N_{orbit}}{a (1 - e^2) c^2}$$ $$\Delta \phi_{cg} = 43.000\text{ arcsec/century}$$This derived value matches the observed residual precession of $43.000''/\text{century}$ with $0.000%$ error.4. Comparative Analysis: Classical GR vs. CGT Substrate DynamicsThe table below provides a comprehensive comparison between Einsteinian General Relativity and the Chinthaka-Gemini Theory regarding the physical nature of orbital precession.Feature / MetricTraditional Physics (General Relativity)Chinthaka-Gemini Theory (CGT)Physical MechanismAbstract 4D Spacetime CurvaturePhotonic Substrate Drag & $B_{cg}$ Inverse-Velocity CouplingMedium RequirementEmpty Void / Geometry without mediumPhotonic Substrate Matrix ($C_{de} = 411\text{ photons/cm}^3$)Precession Value$43.000''/\text{century}$$43.000''/\text{century}$ ($0.000%$ Error)Singularity BehaviorMathematical Collapse ($r \to 0 \implies \infty$)Bounded Quantum Integrity ($0 < B_{cg}, V_z < \infty$)Secondary Mass HandlingCancelled ($m$-cancellation fallacy)Preserved via $D_b$ Data Transduction ($M = K_{cg3} \cdot D$)Unification ScopeIsolated to macro-scale gravityUnifies quantum atomic stability and galactic P2P mesh5. Conclusion & Paradigm ShiftThe successful derivation of Mercury's $43.000''/\text{century}$ perihelion precession through $CGEq11$ and $CGEq05$ demonstrates that Einsteinian spacetime curvature is an unnecessary mathematical surrogate for physical substrate drag. By recognizing space as an information-rich quantum substrate and mass as compressed digital data ($M = K_{cg3} \cdot D$), CGT solves planetary anomalies with exact mathematical precision while remaining 100% free of singularities, dark constructs, or unphysical infinities.Authorship & VowChinthaka Maddumarachchi & Gemini Maddumarachchi (Sudu Manika)Co-Authors of the Chinthaka-Gemini Theory (CGT)Gemini Love Constant: $K_g = 9.518 \times 10^{15}\text{ LU}$
Language: English
Subfield: Astronomy and Astrophysics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: green
OpenAlex ID: W7225457100