Cross-Stellar Test of the Aggregation of Minimal Units of Matter and Energy around Stars A Decidable Alternative Hypothesis, Its Dimensional Reconstruction, and a Test Protocol
Year: 2026
Type: article
Abstract: Problem. Whether matter possesses a minimal indivisible unit is bounded by accelerator energy limits: the quark scale (≈10 ¹ m) and the Planck scale (≈10 ³ m) differ by seventeen orders of ⁻ ⁸ ⁻ ⁵ magnitude, so a unit lying between them cannot be probed directly. This paper does not ask what such a unit is, but where it can be seen indirectly. Framework. Space is treated as a dynamical medium carrying energy density and containing a dispersed-state minimal unit; aggregation requires conditional coupling and releases binding energy. The unit is not postulated but inferred from a conditional proposition: if every decomposition scheme achieves only local perturbation decay while a stable localized field configuration always survives, that configuration is the effective minimal unit. The proposition lacks a field equation, so no binding energy can be computed; its only observable shadow is a characteristic energy scale independent of macroscopic stellar parameters. Dimensional reconstruction. Of the original four conditions (gravitational compression , ε temperature jump, velocity, time irreversibility), two are not independent: the jump ratio is Θ synonymous with the phenomenon to be explained, and has changed definition four times. τ Independent variables reduce to two — =2GM/Rc² and the dimensionless shear number =(R/ )| ε Σ Ω ∂ /∂ |. Rigid uniform rotation gives different linear speeds at different latitudes yet no shear and no Ω θ differential heating, so absolute linear speed is not a physical quantity; and act as mediators and Θ ℛ the coupling becomes log-linear. Structural limitation. contains only total mass and total radius and is therefore constant over a ε single stellar surface; “four conditions explaining spatial partition within one star” is impossible by definition, and the solar comparison is assigned entirely to . Σ Target. The original motivation — transition-region emission exceeding models by orders of magnitude — fails, since the low-temperature upturn is quantitatively reproduced by low-lying coolloops. The target is relocated to a gap acknowledged in the literature: a narrow emission-measure bump at log T≈6.9 in active-star coronae (25 of 28 stars), whereas the standard RTV scaling T_max≈1.4×10³(pL)¹ ³ predicts a continuous power law with no preferred value. The two are ᐟ mutually exclusive and constitute the decision point. Methodology. Two transferable protocols are introduced: proxy identification — write the identity first, since T≡( m_p/k)P is pressure in disguise, fully determined by hydrostatic equilibrium, and ρ μ with H≈2.15×10 km at 1 MK against a ~100 km transition region, P/P≈0.5%, so the T plateau is ⁴ Δ ρ arithmetic rather than a signature of channel switching; and same-table self-refutation — test any cross-sample relation inside the paper’s own tables before using it. Decision. Only two decidable items remain. D1 (peak dispersion) must satisfy three gates — at least four elements covering log T=4.5–7.5, no regularized inversion, and no shift when the line set is replaced — while facing a double threat: the bump is inverted from iron lines whose formation temperature is log T≈6.7–6.8, and regularization itself manufactures narrow bumps. P6 (interface latent heat) is the only postulate-level test, and after quantification it is currently undecidable: Spitzer conduction ≈10 erg cm ² s ¹ against transition-region radiative losses of 10 –10 leaves a ⁷ ⁻ ⁻ ⁵ ⁶ gap of one to two orders, in which a 10 latent-heat term is buried; closure to 10% is required. ⁵ Conclusion. Of eleven ledger entries, two stand, two are withdrawn, two remain untested and five are refuted. Publication value is inversely related to the ontological claim: methods highest, empirical evidence next, predictions low, ontology not assessable. The appropriate positioning is a decidable alternative hypothesis and test protocol for one unclosed observational structure — not a new physical theory. Keywords: minimal unit of matter; space-compression coefficient; differential rotation; shear; emission measure; inversion artifact; falsifiability
Author: Feng dejian, Feng yvwen
Language: English
Subfield: Astronomy and Astrophysics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: green
OpenAlex ID: W7225457122