Year: 2026
Type: article
Study design: Observational Study
Abstract: Background: Rapid urbanization and limited transportation infrastructure have made navigation difficult in existing Lagos terminals, disproportionately affecting vulnerable user groups. Methods: This study used a sequential explanatory mixed-methods design, combining quantitative survey data from 320 commuters across three Lagos terminals, and qualitative insights from ten semi-structured interviews. The data were analyzed using chi-square tests, Pearson correlations and regression analysis. Results: The findings show that Lagos terminals achieve 51.2-73.8% total navigation satisfaction compared to >85% worldwide criteria, reflecting a 15-30 percentage point performance disparity. Three key flaws were identified: inadequate signage (cited by 90% of interviewees), universal dependency on human aid for navigation (100% of participants), and first-time user vulnerability (70% reported difficulty). Statistical analysis shows that terminal familiarity is the strongest confidence predictor (r = 0.517, p < 0.001). Conclusion: The findings of the study show that effective wayfinding reduces anxiety, minimizes missed connections and increases flow in crowded environments.
Authors: Adeola Sarah Ajayi, Aliu Opeyemi Odejobi
Institution: University of Ibadan
Language: English
Subfield: Experimental and Cognitive Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Open Access status: gold
OpenAlex ID: W7225560774