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Religious Identity Matters in Access to the Labour Market in India: Challenges Experienced by Muslims in Search of Livelihood

Year: 2026

Type: article

Abstract: This study examines labour market inequalities faced by Muslims in India, highlighting the role of structural exclusion and religious discrimination in shaping employment outcomes. The findings show that Muslims are disproportionately concentrated in self-employment and casual wage labour, with limited access to regular salaried jobs, social security, paid leave, and stable workplaces, contributing to economic vulnerability. Decomposition analysis indicates that discrimination significantly influences labour market disparities, including lower labour force participation, higher informality, and lower wages. The study emphasizes the need for targeted public policies, including anti-discrimination measures, entrepreneurship support, skill development programmes, social security expansion, and gender-sensitive employment initiatives to improve labour market inclusion.

Source: CASTE / A Global Journal on Social Exclusion

DOI: 10.26812/caste.v7i2.2868

Author: Tauqueer Ali Sabri

Institution: Rosa Luxemburg Foundation

Language: English

Topic: Labour Market and Migration

Subfield: Gender Studies

Field: Social Sciences

Domain: Social Sciences

SDGs: Decent work and economic growth, Reduced inequalities, No poverty

Open Access status: diamond

OpenAlex ID: W7225570371

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Related to: 10