Limosilactobacillus fermentum D0S accelerates skin wound healing through improving immune microenvironment and promoting collagen synthesis and re-epithelialization
Year: 2026
Type: preprint
Abstract: Aim Wound healing is a complex process that occurs in a dynamic and constantly changing microbial environment. In recent years, microbiome studies have revealed the key role of symbiotic bacteria in host tissue repair. Emerging evidence emphasizes the crucial role of site-specific microorganism mediated signal transduction and inflammatory response in shaping wound outcomes. Based on the above background, in this study,we isolated an oral probiotics Limosilactobacillus fermentum D0S strain and investigated its potential role in promoting skin wound healing and mechanism involved. The purpose of this study is to explore the mechanism of probiotic Limosilactobacillus fermentum D0S regulating the microenvironment of skin wounds and promoting wound healing, and to evaluate its efficacy in promoting healing through in vitro antibacterial analysis, cell migration experiments and animal model verification, so as to provide empirical support for the development of new microbial therapy. Methods The agar diffusion method was used to test the effects of three different species of Lactobacillus on the biofilm formation of common skin pathogens. The screened strong strain Limosilactobacillus fermentum was used in subsequent experiments. The strain was named D0S. The L. fermentum D0S strain was isolated and subjected to antimicrobial assays against common wound pathogens, including Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Biofilm formation and extracellular polysaccharide (EPS) production were assessed using biofilm quantification, EPS detection, and confocal microscopy. Changes in biofilm structure were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The in vivo wound healing effect of D0S was evaluated using a murine skin wound model. A full-thickness skin defect lesion with a diameter of 10 millimeters was established on the back of rats. The rats treated with D0S bacterial suspension were set as the treatment group (D0S), and the rats treated with the solvent without live bacteria were set as the control group (NC). Serial wound diameter measurements assessed the therapeutic efficacy of Limosilactobacillus fermentum D0S. The underlying mechanism was investigated by analyzing the expression of inflammatory mediators. Results Antimicrobial assays demonstrated that D0S significantly reduced the abundance of pathogenic bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis , rather than Pseudomonas aeruginosa . Biofilm, extracellular polysaccharide (EPS) detection and co-focal microscopy assays showed that D0S markedly reduced the biofilm and EPS formation abilities of the three pathogenic bacteria. Scanning electron microscope examination showed that D0S efficiently changed the three pathogenic bacterial biofilm structure from dense to loose. Through in vivo skin wound healing experiment, we found that D0S significantly accelerated wound healing, as evidenced by increased collagen synthesis and re-epithelialization and reduced inflammatory responses. Mechanism study indicated that D0S could regulate the wound microenvironment through efficiently down-regulating the pro-inflammatory IL-6 and IL-1β expression and up-regulating the anti-inflammatory mediator IL-1RA/IL1-RN expression, thereby promoting wound healing. This study provides a new probiotic Limosilactobacillus fermentum D0S strain and its therapeutic potential for skin wound healing. Conclusions This study isolated a probiotic Limosilactobacillus fermentum D0S strain and demonstrates its therapeutic potential for promoting skin wound healing through modulation of the wound microenvironment and inflammatory response.
Source: Research Square
Language: English
Topic: Wound Healing and Treatments
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: green
OpenAlex ID: W7225631867