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Calidad del semen porcino conservado a 5 °C y su efecto en la fertilidad y tamaño de camada de cerdas en el trópico

Year: 2026
Type: article
Abstract: In the Mexican tropics, high temperatures affect semen quality and complicate the transport of refrigerated doses. This study evaluated boar semen stored at 5 °C and its effects on semen quality and reproductive performance compared with conventional storage at 17 °C. Initially, 60 ejaculates from four Pietrain/Duroc/Yorkshire boars were processed. After 24 h of stabilization at 17 °C, semen was centrifuged at 2400 rpm (800 × g) for 5 min, resuspended in LEY cooling extender containing lactose (248 mM), kanamycin (0.8 g/L), and egg yolk (20% v/v), and cooled to 5 °C over 120 min (0.11 °C/min). Semen quality was assessed upon reaching 5 °C and after 24 h of storage. For field evaluation, 84 multiparous Yorkshire/Landrace sows were inseminated post-cervically with semen stored at 5 °C (n = 42) or 17 °C (n = 42). Fertility was assessed through non-return to estrus at 21 days, transabdominal ultrasound at 42 days, and farrowing rate and litter size at farrowing. Motility, acrosomal integrity, and osmotic tolerance remained unchanged after 24 h at 5 °C (p ≥ 0.05), while viability increased significantly (91.30 ± 0.18% vs. 89.46 ± 0.18%; p ≤ 0.05). Gestation/farrowing rates were similar between treatments (85.71% vs. 80.95%; p ≥ 0.05), as were total born and live-born piglets. However, stillborn piglets were significantly fewer in the 5 °C group (0.19 ± 0.67 vs. 0.51 ± 0.98; p ≤ 0.05). These findings indicate that boar semen can be stored at 5 °C under tropical conditions while maintaining reproductive performance comparable to conventional storage. This approach offers a practical alternative for improving artificial insemination logistics and potentially reducing antibiotic use.
DOI: 10.53588/alpa.340405
Language: English
Field: Medicine
Open Access status: diamond
OpenAlex ID: W7225658573
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