Work

Granular cell tumor of the vocal cord: a case report

Year: 2026

Type: article

Abstract: Introduction and importance: Granular cell tumors (GCTs) are uncommon, typically benign neoplasms of Schwann cell origin. Although the head and neck region remains the most common site, laryngeal involvement is rare, accounting for only 3-10% of GCTs. Recognizing laryngeal GCTs is crucial because their subtle clinical presentation and potential to histologically mimic malignancy represent a significant diagnostic challenge. Case presentation: A 40-year-old woman with a 30 pack-year smoking history presented with a 3-year history of progressive dysphonia. Laryngoscopic examination revealed a whitish, pedunculated, exophytic mass located on the posterior third of the left vocal cord. Histopathology showed a benign mesenchymal proliferation of large, polygonal cells with finely granular, eosinophilic cytoplasm beneath an unremarkable squamous epithelium with no dysplasia or pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia. Clinical discussion: The primary diagnostic challenge with laryngeal GCTs is distinguishing them from malignancies - particularly squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) - and from other soft tissue tumors. In this case, immunohistochemistry was essential for a definitive diagnosis. The tumor cells demonstrated diffuse positivity for S-100 protein, confirming their Schwann cell origin, and they were negative for desmin and myogenin, which successfully excluded myogenic neoplasms and SCC. Conclusion: Although rare, laryngeal GCTs should be considered in the differential diagnosis of vocal cord lesions causing chronic dysphonia. Accurate histopathological and immunohistochemical evaluation is essential to avoid misdiagnosis and potential overtreatment. Complete endoscopic excision offers an excellent prognosis, although long-term surveillance is recommended.

Source: International Journal of Surgery Case Reports

DOI: 10.1097/rc9.0000000000001116

Authors: Yasmine Barbirou, Ahmed Ben Fadhloun, Chaima Ben Ammar, Senda Turki, Sarra Ben Rejeb

Institution: Hôpital Mongi Slim

Language: English

Topic: Tumors and Oncological Cases

Subfield: Pathology and Forensic Medicine

Field: Medicine

Domain: Health Sciences

SDG: Good health and well-being

Open Access status: gold

Estimated APC paid: $2,090