The Dual-Channel Annihilation-Field Model: Model Outline and Core Observational Evidence
Year: 2026
Type: article
Abstract: The Dual-Channel Annihilation-Field Model: Model Outline and Core Observational Evidence Author: Weihui LuCorresponding author: Weihui Lu (affiliation not listed) Email: [email protected] ORCID: 0009-0002-9230-9525Version: v1.8 (2026-11) Appendix The Dual-Channel Quantum-Well Model — Key Physical Interpretations (Verbatim Statements) Draft terminology (not to be rewritten) This model is not intended to “fight” any theory, nor does it posit a hierarchy of “first principles / second principles.” It does one thing only: it places quantum wells and annihilation pairs side by side as the two basic objects of the universe; the two are jointly the first element, with no second element. Quantum wells provide only the arena; all properties are realized by the reactions of annihilation pairs. Quantum wells undergo only topological deformation; structure is constant—it is not crushed and does not disappear. Wherever the terms “structural realism,” “ultimate truth,” “ontological establishment,” or “first principle / second principle” appear, they are not the original wording of this draft and should be deleted or revised. When a central, black-hole-center, or origin-center quantum well is subjected to pressure, what happens is an in-and-out pairing of annihilation pairs—a positive annihilation pair jumps out of the quantum well, and a negative annihilation pair immediately jumps in; one exits, the other enters, positive and negative accompanying each other. Wherever the terms “crushing,” “rupture,” “breaking,” or “collapse” appear, they refer only to the dismantling and release of the aggregation form of annihilation pairs inside neutral quantum wells, and never to the quantum well structure itself. Abstract This paper is the formal version of the Dual-Channel Annihilation-Field Model (DCAF), in two parts. Part I is the model outline: it posits only two irreducible primordial entities—quantum wells (positive, negative, neutral) and annihilation pairs (positive, negative)—and compresses the complete chain from the underlying field equations to macroscopic phenomena into concise statements, with each conclusion annotated to its source in the existing topical drafts; formulas are transcribed from the existing drafts, coefficients are all to be calibrated, and nothing is rewritten or newly invented. Part II is the core observational evidence: four sets of public observations (black-hole shadow size and EHT measurements, the Hubble constant, the baryonic Tully–Fisher relation, and the dwarf-galaxy core problem) are listed separately, each written in four parts—“observational fact / difficulties of standard theory / step-by-step derivation of this model / conclusion”—with the derivation given step by step and the formulas used marked, showing how the model derives them naturally from the above two primordial entities alone. The paper posits no other postulates and introduces no additional entities such as spacetime, vacuum, or space; the words “spacetime,” “vacuum,” and “space” are used only to describe the distribution forms of quantum wells and annihilation pairs, where “vacuum” is the neutral quantum well as defined in this model. External results (Schwarzschild radius, Heisenberg uncertainty relation, 6√3, etc.) never enter the derivation and are allowed only as order-of-magnitude rulers. Keywords: dual-channel quantum well; annihilation pair; reaction–diffusion equation; soliton solution; black-hole horizon; dynamic electron; dark layer; onion structure; black-hole particle; black-hole jet; gravitational-wave echo; black-hole shadow; Hubble constant; Tully–Fisher relation; dwarf-galaxy core 1 Introduction The model changes its starting point: it does not take any external ready-made formula as a guiding starting point, but starts from a pair of primordial positive and negative quantum wells of the model itself, driven by corresponding equations, and derives conclusions step by step. The model follows a hard rule: any physical formula must be combined with the three types of quantum wells and the positive and negative annihilation pairs within them; anything not so combined can serve only as a ruler for order-of-magnitude comparison. The model follows another principle: phenomena that can be explained by quantum wells and annihilation pairs are included in the model; those that cannot are not included. [Source] “Detailed Derivation of the Central Critical Criterion and Singularity Resolution,” Appendix 1 (hard rule); “Core III—Record of Core Dynamical Deductions of the Dual-Channel Quantum Well Model” (inclusion principle) 2 Core postulates Postulate I: Three types of quantum wells. Quantum wells are divided into positive, negative, and neutral quantum wells—positive quantum wells aggregate, negative quantum wells diffuse outward, and neutral quantum wells are the vacuum as defined in this model, containing half positive and half negative quantum wells internally, a form of nesting. The calibration of the three types does not consider size but only nesting level (number of layers) and internal number; it is not limited by volume, and size may be assigned arbitrarily. There is no transition layer between the three types; the property switch is definite. A quantum well has its valve value, i.e., a change of its topological shape: when transitioning toward the center the density rises one level, the valve opens, annihilation pairs jump out, and a new topological structure forms. [Source] Core III, Secs. 2.1/2.2; oral statement (2026-11-07, valve value) Postulate II: Two types of annihilation pairs and the in-and-out pairing. Annihilation pairs are divided into positive and negative annihilation pairs. In-and-out pairing: whatever the cause, when a positive annihilation pair jumps out of a quantum well, a negative annihilation pair jumps into that quantum well; and vice versa—one exits, the other enters, positive and negative accompanying each other. [Source] Core III, opening emphasis paragraph First attribute. The quantum well structure and the underlying annihilation pairs jointly belong to the first attribute of the universe; there is no distinction of first versus second between them. Quantum wells provide only the arena and nothing else; all properties are realized by the reactions of the underlying annihilation pairs, including gravity—the aggregation of positive quantum wells. Any description involving “spacetime” can be equivalently rewritten as a description of the nesting levels of quantum wells and the distribution of annihilation pairs. [Source] Core III, Sec. 4.3 3 Underlying field equations and spherically symmetric steady-state soliton solution The core dynamics of the model is given by the reaction–diffusion-type field equations of the positive and negative channels. The two channels balance each other through a mutual-repulsion coupling term: ∂ρ₊/∂t = D₊∇²ρ₊ + α₊ρ₊² − β₊ρ₊ − ηρ₊ρ₋∂ρ₋/∂t = D₋∇²ρ₋ − α₋ρ₋² − β₋ρ₋ + ηρ₊ρ₋ Here α₊ρ₊² − β₊ρ₊ are the self-catalytic aggregation and dissipation terms of the annihilation pairs; −α₋ρ₋² − β₋ρ₋ are the corresponding terms of the negative channel; and ηρ₊ρ₋ is the mutual-repulsion coupling term between the two channels. Taking a spherically symmetric steady state, the positive-energy channel gives the soliton solution: · Steady-state equation: D₊ · (1/r²) · (d/dr)(r² · dρ₊/dr) + α₊ρ₊² − β₊ρ₊ = 0 (1-5) · Soliton solution: ρ₊(r) = ρ₀ / cosh²(r / L) (1-6) · Characteristic quantities: L = √(D₊ / β₊) (1-7), ρ₀ = β₊ / α₊ (1-8) That is, the positive-energy density takes its maximum ρ₀ at the center and decays rapidly outward with characteristic length L as cosh²; the center is naturally a bounded density peak, not a divergent cusp. [Source] “Self-Consistent Derivation of Black-Hole Horizon and Shadow Diameter and EHT Observational Verification,” Secs. 1.1, 1.2 4 Action scales of the two wells and scale segmentation (the following are particular solutions and cannot determine all properties of quantum wells) The aggregation action of positive quantum wells is given by three-dimensional spherically symmetric aggregation flux conservation: F₊(R) = A / R². The diffusion action of negative quantum wells is set as F₋(R) = B · R^(1/3). The corresponding reaction speeds are v₊ = A / R² and v₋(R) = B · R^(2/3); the intersection radius where the two are equal is: R* = (A / B)^(3/8) (5-13) Accordingly, the scale segmentation is: for R < R, positive quantum wells react faster and centripetal dominance prevails; for R > R, negative quantum wells react faster and outward dominance prevails; at R = R*, the two are equal. The coefficients A and B are all to be calibrated. [Source] Core III, Sec. 5.4 5 Dynamic equilibrium of the center: the center does not collapse into a singularity According to this model, positive quantum wells aggregate and negative quantum wells diffuse. The mechanism given by the model is a black-hole-type eruption–replenishment bounded oscillation: positive annihilation pairs are squeezed out → negative annihilation pairs jump in and fill the spot immediately → the squeezed-out positive annihilation pairs overflow outward → the peripheral creation system replenishes → and so on alternately. When the central positive annihilation pairs are squeezed out (i.e., the threshold, the valve value, is reached), they are replaced by negative annihilation pairs that jump in, weakening the tendency of positive quantum well levels and topological deformation; and the increased negative quantum well levels are pressed back and restored by the pressure of the outer positive quantum wells. Repeating this, the central quantum well nesting density is locked for a long time at a stable extremely high value—neither collapsing through nor dispersing. This center is what the model calls the singularity center layer. [Source] Core III, Sec. 5.5; “Detailed Derivation of the Central Critical Criterion and Singularity Resolution,” Parts I and VIII 6 Black-hole h
Author: lu, weihui
Language: English
Subfield: Astronomy and Astrophysics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: green
OpenAlex ID: W7225729410
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