The Potential of 100% Green Okra Pod Extract (Abelmoschus esculentus) in Forming Enamel Microporosity Depth
Year: 2026
Type: article
Abstract: The success of composite resin restorations depends on effective enamel bonding achieved through the formation of resin tags within etching-induced enamel microporosities. Thirty-seven percent phosphoric acid (H₃PO₄) is considered the gold standard etching agent; however, its acidic nature may adversely affect oral epithelial cells. Therefore, a more biocompatible alternative is needed. Green okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) contains organic acids and antioxidant compounds that may provide etching potential. This study evaluated the ability of 100% green okra extract to form enamel microporosity and compared its microporosity depth with that produced by 37% H₃PO₄. A laboratory experimental study with a post-test only control group design was conducted using 10 extracted maxillary first premolars. The samples were randomly divided into two groups (n = 5). Group I was treated with 37% H₃PO₄, while Group II received 100% green okra extract. Both materials were applied for 20 seconds. Enamel microporosity depth was evaluated using scanning electron microscopy. Data were analyzed using the Shapiro–Wilk test, Levene’s test, and Independent t-test. The mean enamel microporosity depth was 19.73 μm in the 37% H₃PO₄ group and 25.31 μm in the 100% green okra extract group. Statistical analysis revealed no significant difference between the groups (p = 0.176). One hundred percent green okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) extract demonstrated a comparable ability to form enamel microporosity to that of 37% H₃PO₄, indicating its potential as a natural alternative etching agent.
Institution: Universitas Jember
Language: English
Subfield: General Dentistry
Field: Dentistry
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: hybrid
OpenAlex ID: W7225741246
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