Analysis in magnetic resonance elastography: study and development of image processing techniques
Year: 2012
Type: dissertation
Abstract: The term “Elastography‖” unifies biomechanics with imaging sciences and was driven by the well-documented effectiveness of palpation as a diagnostic technique for detecting cancer and other diseases. Notoriously, during the last decade Magnetic Resonance Elastography (MRE) has emerged as the most accurate imaging modality to non-invasively assess the rheological properties of tissue. Using a phase-contrast MRI technique together with an external mechanical actuation device, it is possible to detect propagating shear waves inside the human body. Viscoelastic properties can then be extracted by applying inversion methods to the acquired phase data. Due to the richness and significance of the data, and in spite of enduring challenges related to the complexity of the computations involved, MRE attracted strong interest and is now a thriving area of research. The computations necessary to calculate maps of viscoelastic tissue properties are indeed substantial and are generally done on remote computers after completion of experiments. The need for higher flexibility in large scale clinical studies led to the development, in the current project, of an automated toolbox for real time MRE data processing implemented within the scanner environment. The most commonly used direct inversion methods, Algebraic Helmholtz Inversion (AHI) and Local Frequency Estimation, show considerable performance differences under similar initial conditions. Assumptions underlying such algorithms were studied by comparing noise sensitivity and resolution on synthetic, phantom and in vivo brain datasets. Finally, a clinical application of the AHI approach was performed on brain and abdominal data from healthy individuals. The ensuing values of brain viscoelasticity suggest higher stiffness in white matter compared to grey matter. Preliminary results also show a pronounced age-related decrease in brain stiffness and viscosity. The liver, kidney and spleen were assessed with abdominal MRE and the results support a statistically significant higher stiffness in the spleen compared to liver and kidney.
Author: Catarina Rua
Language: English
Subfield: Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: green
OpenAlex ID: W81717941