Методология, принципы и практика оценки лесных экосистем
Year: 2011
Type: article
Abstract: Now forest ecosystems usually are estimated only by the forest resources and some ecological functions, and the environmentgenerating potential is estimated by the set factors. The methodology of forest ecosystems estimation includes the principles of construction of the forest goods set in their dynamics of forest-forming process; forms of representation of economic characteristics (indicators, criteria, effects) taking into account their spatio-temporal dynamics; ways of definition of total cost of forests sites depending on their environmental and social and economic importance and legal status. Main principles of forest ecosystems estimation: representation of a forest site as object of the environmental and economic estimation; formation of natural indicators set of the forest goods (resources and functions); the substantiation of economic equivalents of natural indicators of the forest goods; construction of complex estimation criterion of a forest site. Forest ecosystems at their estimation are considered from three positions: as natural phenomenon; as a part of economic sphere; as an element of legal system of the state. As the natural phenomenon forests at an estimation are represented in the form of ecological system. As an element to economic sphere they are considered in the form of a source of various natural goods, developing on certain regularities of forest-forming process taking into account anthropogenous factors. Criterion of forest ecosystems estimation is the discounted quantity of the rental income in the form of difference between total potential economic benefit of all forest goods for a long period of time and expenses of forestry on reproduction, preservation and protection of forests. The total effect is calculated considering dynamics of the spatio-temporal functional connections of separate components and forest sites, character of natureand forestmanagement and discounting of monetary quantity. The scheme of construction of an economic estimation of forests corresponds to their division on operational and protective, on protective categories, on types of especially protective forests sites and forests in especially protected natural territories. Considered methodology, principles and practice of the environmental and economic estimation of forests allow to define more authentically, in comparison with existing approaches, the public importance of forest ecosystems. Such estimations are a scientific basis of the permission (connection) of short-term interests of the individual forest-, nature users in income maximization and long-term preferences of a society in preservation of nature-resource potential of forest ecosystems.
Authors: I. V. Lebedev, T.A. Lebedeva, Valeriy B. Zharnikov
Language: Russian
Topic: Forest Management and Policy
Subfield: Forestry
Domain: Life Sciences
SDG: Life on land
Open Access status: green
OpenAlex ID: W10018871