Detecção e caracterização de elementos conjugativos integrativos em bactérias isoladas de amostras ambientais
Year: 2014
Type: dissertation
Abstract: Recognition of antimicrobial resistance as an emerging phenomenon in public health has been a problem worldwide.The abuse in the use of antibiotics in human and veterinary medicine, and agriculture, has caused an increase in the diversity of resistant microorganisms, reflecting in treatment failure.The mechanisms of antibiotic resistance in microorganisms are primarily mediated by genes acquired from exogenous DNA.The dynamics of the horizontal transfer is performed by mobile genetic elements which carry resistance genes.The wide distribution of these structures, such as the SXT element originally isolated from V. cholerae, has contributed to the spread of specific clonal complexes in certain geographical areas.This pioneering study in Brazil researched the presence of SXT elements in the group of bacterial species in environmental gamma-proteobacteria species, determined their structural and functional characteristics, including genes for resistance to antibiotics and the antibiotic susceptibility among bacterial isolates that harbor them.The result was the classification of 43 SXT elements found in Brazil, by comparison with those found in the literature.Among the SXT elements found, four are sheltered by Morganella morganii, unprecedented in the literature.Knowledge of bacterial evolution is an important to establish effective strategies to control and treat infections without increasing the selective pressure on microorganisms, as well as a precise instrument and very important tool to support epidemiological studies.
Author: Miriam Lopes da Silva
Institution: Universidade de São Paulo
Language: Portuguese
Subfield: Molecular Medicine
Domain: Life Sciences
Open Access status: gold
OpenAlex ID: W1486417536