Gestion des ressources génétiques de l'huître perlière Pinctada margaritifera de Polynésie française : caractérisation génétique des populations et optimisation du recrutement pour l'exploitation perlière
Year: 2005
Type: article
Abstract: Exploitation of the pearl oyster Pinetada margaritifera, which has developed in French Polynesia over the last twenty years, is based mainly on the collection of natural spat. Recruitment is highly variable in space and time and so spat is very often transferred by the farmers between atolls or even between archipelagos. In previous studies, anonymous nuclear markers demonstrated that This development has coincided with a genetic homogenisation of the wild stocks since the 1980s. This suggests a high level of reproductive success on farms, which is likely to be due to the high density of animaIs when compared to the density in the wild. We used the same markers to show that the level of genetic variability observed on farms is not\nsignificantly different to that observed in the wild. In This study we show that the genetic variability (number of alleles and expected heterozygosity) observed on spat "collecting stations" and in the wild populations are not significantly different. This tends to indicate that spat from "collecting stations" is efficient in sampling the genetic variability available in the wild. Nevertheless, high values of linkage disequilibrium and Fis on these spat "collecting stations" suggest that only a small number of spawners are in reality the parents of the collected spat. This could mean that animals cultivated on the farms are more likely to be related or inbred than those in the wild. Although these results are based on a limited number of locus and deserve to be confirmed with more variable markers, the cumulative effect of this phenomenon at each generation could induce a loss of genetic variability on a long term basis.\n\n
Institution: Ifremer
Language: English
Subfield: Genetics
Domain: Life Sciences
SDGs: Life below water, Zero hunger
Open Access status: green
OpenAlex ID: W192990872