A 14-Item Mediterranean Diet Assessment Tool and Obesity Indexes among High-Risk Subjects: The PREDIMED Trial
Year: 2012
Type: article
Abstract: OBJECTIVE: Independently of total caloric intake, a better quality of the diet (for example, conformity to the Mediterranean diet) is associated with lower obesity risk. It is unclear whether a brief dietary assessment tool, instead of full-length comprehensive methods, can also capture this association. In addition to reduced costs, a brief tool has the interesting advantage of allowing immediate feedback to participants in interventional studies. Another relevant question is which individual items of such a brief tool are responsible for this association. We examined these associations using a 14-item tool of adherence to the Mediterranean diet as exposure and body mass index, waist circumference and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) as outcomes. DESIGN: Cross-sectional assessment of all participants in the "PREvención con DIeta MEDiterránea" (PREDIMED) trial. SUBJECTS: 7,447 participants (55-80 years, 57% women) free of cardiovascular disease, but with either type 2 diabetes or ≥ 3 cardiovascular risk factors. Trained dietitians used both a validated 14-item questionnaire and a full-length validated 137-item food frequency questionnaire to assess dietary habits. Trained nurses measured weight, height and waist circumference. RESULTS: Strong inverse linear associations between the 14-item tool and all adiposity indexes were found. For a two-point increment in the 14-item score, the multivariable-adjusted differences in WHtR were -0.0066 (95% confidence interval, -0.0088 to -0.0049) for women and -0.0059 (-0.0079 to -0.0038) for men. The multivariable-adjusted odds ratio for a WHtR>0.6 in participants scoring ≥ 10 points versus ≤ 7 points was 0.68 (0.57 to 0.80) for women and 0.66 (0.54 to 0.80) for men. High consumption of nuts and low consumption of sweetened/carbonated beverages presented the strongest inverse associations with abdominal obesity. CONCLUSIONS: A brief 14-item tool was able to capture a strong monotonic inverse association between adherence to a good quality dietary pattern (Mediterranean diet) and obesity indexes in a population of adults at high cardiovascular risk.
Source: PLoS ONE
Authors: Miguel Angel Martínez-González, Ana García-Arellano, Estefanía Toledo, Jordi Salas-Salvadó, Pilar Buil-Cosiales, Dolores Corella, Maria Isabel Covas, Helmut Schröder, Fernando Arós, Enrique Gómez-Gracia, Miquel Fiol, Valentina Ruiz-Gutiérrez, José Lapetra, Rosa Maria Lamuela-Raventos, Lluís Serra-Majem, Xavier Pintó, Miguel Angel Muñoz, Julia Wärnberg, Emilio Ros, Ramón Estruch, for the PREDIMED Study Investigators
Institutions: Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Universidad de Navarra, Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica Catalunya Sud, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Universitat de València, Hospital Del Mar, Hospital del Mar Research Institute, Hospital Universitario Araba, Universidad de Málaga, Research Institute of Health Sciences, Hospital Universitario Son Espases, Universitat de les Illes Balears, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Instituto de la Grasa, Universitat de Barcelona, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Bellvitge University Hospital, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Consorci Institut D'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi I Sunyer
Language: English
Topic: Nutritional Studies and Diet
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $2,382
OpenAlex ID: W2056088037