Changes in Neisseria meningitidis Disease Epidemiology in the United States, 1998–2007: Implications for Prevention of Meningococcal Disease
Year: 2009
Type: article
Study design: Observational Study
Abstract: BACKGROUND: In January 2005, a quadrivalent (serogroups A, C , Y, and W-135) meningococcal conjugate vaccine was licensed for use in adolescents. This report describes the epidemiologic features of meningococcal disease in the United States from January 1998 through December 2007, before and during implementation of adolescent quadrivalent meningococcal conjugate vaccination. METHODS: Data were collected from active surveillance for invasive Neisseria meningitidis conducted through the Active Bacterial Core surveillance (ABCs) sites during 1998-2007. Isolates from cases were serogrouped at the ABCs site and confirmed at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Estimates of the incidence and number of cases in the 50 states were calculated, standardizing for race and age group. RESULTS: In the period 1998-2007, a total of 2262 cases of meningococcal disease were reported from ABCs sites; 11.3% of these cases were fatal. The estimated United States average annual incidence of meningococcal disease was 0.53 cases per 100,000 population (95% confidence interval, 0.51-0.55), and an estimated 1525 (95% confidence interval, 1470-1598) cases occurred annually. The annual incidence decreased 64.1%, from 0.92 cases per 100,000 population in 1998 to 0.33 cases per 100,000 population in 2007. Infants aged <1 year have the highest incidence of meningococcal disease (5.38 cases per 100,000 population). After introduction of the quadrivalent meningococcal conjugate vaccine, no significant decrease in serogroup C or Y meningococcal disease was seen among those aged 11-19 years in 2006-2007, compared with 2004-2005. CONCLUSIONS: Before the introduction of the quadrivalent meningococcal conjugate vaccine, the incidence of meningococcal disease in the United States decreased to a historic low. However, meningococcal disease still causes a substantial burden of disease among all age groups. Future vaccination strategies may include targeting infants and preventing serogroup B meningococcal disease.
Source: Clinical Infectious Diseases
DOI: 10.1086/649209
Authors: Amanda C. Cohn, Jessica R. MacNeil, Lee H. Harrison, Cynthia Hatcher, Jordan Theodore, Mark Schmidt, Tracy Pondo, Kathryn E. Arnold, Joan Baumbach, Nancy Bennett, Allen S. Craig, Monica Farley, Ken Gershman, Susan Petit, Ruth Lynfield, Arthur Reingold, William Schaffner, Kathleen A. Shutt, Elizabeth R. Zell, Leonard W. Mayer, Thomas Clark, David Stephens, Nancy E. Messonnier
Institutions: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Johns Hopkins University, Oregon Department of Human Services, Georgia Department of Public Health, New Mexico Department of Health, New York State Department of Health, Tennessee Department of Health, Emory University, Atlanta VA Medical Center, Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment, Connecticut Department of Public Health, Minnesota Department of Health, University of California, Berkeley, Vanderbilt University, University of Pittsburgh
Language: English
Subfield: Microbiology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences
Open Access status: bronze
OpenAlex ID: W2120356293