Prenatal Particulate Matter/Tobacco Smoke Increases Infants' Respiratory Infections: COCOA Study
Year: 2015
Type: article
Study design: Observational Study
Abstract: PURPOSE: To investigate whether prenatal exposure to indoor fine particulate matter (PM₂.₅) and environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) affects susceptibility to respiratory tract infections (RTIs) in infancy, to compare their effects between prenatal and postnatal exposure, and to determine whether genetic factors modify these environmental effects. METHODS: The study population consisted of 307 birth cohort infants. A diagnosis of RTIs was based on parental report of a physician's diagnosis. Indoor PM₂.₅ and ETS levels were measured during pregnancy and infancy. TaqMan was used for genotyping of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf2) (rs6726395), glutathione-S-transferase-pi (GSTP) 1 (rs1695), and glutathione-S-transferase-mu (GSTM) 1. Microarrays were used for genome-wide methylation analysis. RESULTS: Prenatal exposure to indoor PM₂.₅ increased the susceptibility of lower RTIs (LRTIs) in infancy (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]=2.11). In terms of combined exposure to both indoor PM₂.₅ and ETS, prenatal exposure to both pollutants increased susceptibility to LRTIs (aOR=6.56); however, this association was not found for postnatal exposure. The Nrf2 GG (aOR=23.69), GSTM1 null (aOR=8.18), and GSTP1 AG or GG (aOR=7.37) genotypes increased the combined LRTIs-promoting effects of prenatal exposure to the 2 indoor pollutants. Such effects of prenatal indoor PM₂.₅ and ETS exposure were not found for upper RTIs. CONCLUSIONS: Prenatal exposure to both indoor PM₂.₅ and ETS may increase susceptibility to LRTIs. This effect can be modified by polymorphisms in reactive oxygen species-related genes.
Authors: Song-I Yang, Byoung-Ju Kim, So-Yeon Lee, Hyo-Bin Kim, Cheol Min Lee, Jinho Yu, Mi-Jin Kang, Ho-Sung Yu, Eun Lee, Young-Ho Jung, Hyung Young Kim, Ju-Hee Seo, Ji-Won Kwon, Dae Jin Song, GwangCheon Jang, Woo-Kyung Kim, Jung Yeon Shim, Soo-Young Lee, Hyeon Jong Yang, Dong In Suh, Seo Ah Hong, Kil-Yong Choi, Youn Ho Shin, Kangmo Ahn, Kyung Won Kim, Eun-Jin Kim, Soo-Jong Hong, COCOA Study Group
Institutions: Hallym University, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, University of Cincinnati, Ajou University, Inje University Sanggye Paik Hospital, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Hanyang University, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan, CHA University Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Korea University, National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, Inje University Seoul Paik Hospital, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University, Soonchunhyang University, Seoul National University, CHA University Gangnam Medical Center, Samsung Medical Center, Yonsei University, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Korea Center for Disease Control and Prevention
Language: English
Subfield: Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: hybrid
OpenAlex ID: W2168097233