Year: 2015
Type: article
Abstract: Human immunodeficiency virus, a primate lentivirus (PLV), causes AIDS in humans, whereas most PLVs are less or not pathogenic in monkeys. These notions suggest that the co-evolutionary process of PLVs and their hosts associates with viral pathogenicity, and therefore, that elucidating the history of virus-host co-evolution is one of the most intriguing topics in the field of virology. To address this, recent studies have focused on the interplay between intrinsic anti-viral proteins, such as tetherin, and viral antagonists. Through an experimental-phylogenetic approach, here we investigate the co-evolutionary interplay between tribe Cercopithecini tetherin and viral antagonists, Nef and Vpu. We reveal that tribe Cercopithecini tetherins are positively selected, possibly triggered by ancient Nef-like factor(s). We reconstruct the ancestral sequence of tribe Cercopithecini tetherin and demonstrate that all Nef proteins are capable of antagonizing ancestral Cercopithecini tetherin. Further, we consider the significance of evolutionary arms race between tribe Cercopithecini and their PLVs.
Source: Scientific Reports
DOI: 10.1038/srep16021
Institutions: Kyoto University, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Kumamoto University, National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Tokushima University, Japan Monkey Centre, Wildlife Research Center, Kyoto University, University of Pennsylvania, Japan Science and Technology Agency
Language: English
Topic: HIV Research and Treatment
Subfield: Virology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $2,690
Funders: University of Pennsylvania, Suzuken Memorial Foundation, Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare, Ichiro Kanehara Foundation for the Promotion of Medical Sciences and Medical Care, University of Tokushima, SENSHIN Medical Research Foundation, Kanae Foundation for the Promotion of Medical Science, Universität Ulm, Council for Science and Technology Policy, National Institutes of Health, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Japan Science and Technology Agency, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology
Awards: Investigation of the molecular mechanism of AIDS virus evolution, G1774152001, G2521286739, G2576085165, G3647299842, Entry Coreceptor Use & Target Cell Tropism in Nonpathogenic SIV Infection, G6718509927, ヒト高病原性新型ブニヤウイルスの病原性発現メカニズムの解明, G7879866177, Downmodulating Monocyte/Macrophage Activation for HAND, Penn Center for AIDS Research
OpenAlex ID: W2397784472