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Starvation effects on nitrogen and carbon stable isotopes of animals: an insight from meta-analysis of fasting experiments

Year: 2017
Type: review
Abstract: Nitrogen and carbon stable isotopic compositions (δ15N andδ13C) of consumers have been used for physiological and food web studies. Previous studies have shownδ15N andδ13C values are affected by several biological and environmental factors during starvation, but the generality of the effect of starvation onδ15N andδ13C values has not yet been tested. Here, we performed a meta-analysis to evaluate the effects of starvation onδ15N andδ13C values of consumers, and the underlying factors that may explain the observed variation. The δ15N and δ13C values were calculated as the differences between the finalδ15N andδ13C values of consumers (post-starvation) and the pre-starvation values on each experiment. Our meta-analysis showed a large variation in the δ15N and δ13C values of consumers (δ15N range: –0.82 to 4.30‰; mean: 0.47‰ and δ13C range: –1.92 to 2.62‰; mean: 0.01‰). The δ15N values of most consumers increased along the length of the starvation period and were influenced by nitrogen excretion and thermoregulation types, probably because differences in nitrogen metabolism and thermoregulation affect nitrogen processing and excretion rates. None of our predictor variables accounted for the variation in δ13C values, which showed both increases and decreases due to fasting. Our findings suggest that starvation results in changes in consumerδ15N values which are mainly explained by the length of the fasting period and by nitrogen and energy metabolism, but the underlying mechanisms of the starvation effects onδ13C values seem to be more complex than previously thought.
DOI: 10.1098/rsos.170633
Language: English
Subfield: Ecology
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $1,471
OpenAlex ID: W2745809451
FWCI: 0.594
Cites: 49
Cited by: 138
Related to: 10