Year: 2017
Type: article
Abstract: IntroductionNephrolithiasis is one of the main ailment of the urinary tract and is a chief source of morbidity.Stone formation is one of the painful urologic disorders that happen in approximately 15% of the global population and its re-occurrence rate in males is 74-86% and 45-62% in female.Kidney stones are linked with chronic kidney disease.Preventing reappearance is precisely to the type of stone like calcium oxalate, calcium phosphate, cystine, magnesium ammonium phosphate and uric acid stones.1,2 Renal stone formation and the biggest chemical stone composition depend on age and gender.The majority stones are formed in older age people.However, clinical interpretations have mentioned not only an altering frequency and composition of urinary calculi but also a swing in gender and age-related incidences.Con tributing risk factors for kidney stones are obesity, insulin resistance and gastrointestinal pathology, living in warmer climates, and certain dietary patterns and medications.[3][4][5][6] The escalating frequency of nephrolithiasis is associated with rising utilization of imaging for diagnosis, treatment planning, and post treatment follow-up.Imaging in nephrolithiasis has rise over the years due to technologic advancement and an improved understanding of the disease process.Since its beginning in the 1990s, unenhanced computed tomogra phy has become the gold standard for the characterization of urinary stone disease.[7][8][9] Classification of nephrolithiasis Hypercalciuria a. Absorptive hypercalciuria b.Renal hypercalciuria c.Resorptive hypercalciuria Hyperuricosuric calcium nephrolithiasis Hypocitraturic calcium nephrolithiasis a. Chronic diarrheal syndrome b.Distal RTA c. Thiazide-induced Hyperoxaluric calcium nephrolithiasis a.Primary hyperoxaluria
Author: Devesh Kapoor
Institution: Dr. Dayaram Patel Pharmacy College
Language: English
Subfield: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: diamond
OpenAlex ID: W2774615359